Fine structure and molecular characterization of two new parabasalid species that naturally colonize laboratory mice, Tritrichomonas musculus and Tritrichomonas casperi

Tritrichomonas muris is a common flagellated protist isolated from the cecum of wild rodents. This commensal protist has been shown previously to alter immune phenotypes in laboratory mice. Other trichomonads, referred to as Tritrichomonas musculis and Tritrichomonas rainier, also naturally colonize...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology 2023-11, Vol.70 (6), p.e12989-e12989
Main Authors: Tuzlak, Leila, Alves-Ferreira, Eliza V C, Schwartz, Cindi L, Kennard, Andrea, Leung, Jacqueline M, Shehata, Christina, Grigg, Michael E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cecum
Flagella
Flagellates
Laboratories
Laboratory animals
Nucleotide sequence
Phenotypes
Primers
Protists
rRNA 18S
Tritrichomonas
Ultrastructure
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Summary:Tritrichomonas muris is a common flagellated protist isolated from the cecum of wild rodents. This commensal protist has been shown previously to alter immune phenotypes in laboratory mice. Other trichomonads, referred to as Tritrichomonas musculis and Tritrichomonas rainier, also naturally colonize laboratory mice and cause immune alterations. This report formally describes two new trichomonads, Tritrichomonas musculus n. sp., and Tritrichomonas casperi n. sp., at the ultrastructural and molecular level. These two protists were isolated from laboratory mice, and were differentiated by their size and the structure of their undulating membrane and posterior flagellum. Analysis at the 18S rRNA and trans-ITS genetic loci supported their designation as distinct species, related to T. muris. To assess the true extent of parabasalid diversity infecting laboratory mice, 135 mice bred at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) were screened using pan-parabasalid primers that amplify the trans-ITS region. Forty-four percent of mice were positive for parabasalids, encompassing a total of 8 distinct sequence types. Tritrichomonas casperi and Trichomitus-like protists were dominant. T. musculus and T. rainier were also detected, but T. muris was not. Our work establishes a previously underappreciated diversity of commensal trichomonad flagellates that naturally colonize the enteric cavity of laboratory mice.
ISSN:1066-5234
1550-7408
DOI:10.1111/jeu.12989