Cuspal Shape Alterations by Bmp4 Directing Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis

The enamel knot (EK), located at the center of cap stage tooth germs, is a transitory cluster of nondividing epithelial cells. The EK acts as a signaling center that provides positional information for tooth morphogenesis and regulates the growth of tooth cusps. To identify species-specific cuspal p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dental research 2023-07, Vol.102 (7), p.825-834
Main Authors: Kim, E.-J., Kim, H.-Y., Li, L., Tang, Q., Kim, K.-H., Ohshima, H., Jung, H.-S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 - metabolism
Bone morphogenetic proteins
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins - metabolism
Cell cycle
Cell growth
Cell Proliferation
Dental enamel
Dental Enamel - metabolism
Epithelial cells
Mice
Morphogenesis
Odontogenesis - genetics
RNA-directed DNA polymerase
Tooth
Tooth Germ
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Summary:The enamel knot (EK), located at the center of cap stage tooth germs, is a transitory cluster of nondividing epithelial cells. The EK acts as a signaling center that provides positional information for tooth morphogenesis and regulates the growth of tooth cusps. To identify species-specific cuspal patterns, this study analyzed the cellular mechanisms in the EK that were related to bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp), which plays a crucial role in cell proliferation and apoptosis. To understand the cellular mechanisms in the EK, the differences between 2 species showing different cuspal patterning, mouse (pointy bunodont cusp) and gerbil (flat lophodont cusp), were analyzed with quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescent staining. Based on these, we performed protein-soaked bead implantation on tooth germs of the 2 different EK regions and compared the cellular behavior in the EKs of the 2 species. Many genes related with cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and cell proliferation were involved in BMP signaling in the EK during tooth development. A comparison of the cell proliferation and apoptosis associated with Bmp revealed distinctive patterns of the cellular mechanisms. Our findings indicate that the cellular mechanisms, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis, in the EK are related to Bmp4 and play an important role in tooth morphogenesis.
ISSN:0022-0345
1544-0591
DOI:10.1177/00220345231167769