Glycaemia and cardiac arrhythmias in people with type 1 diabetes: A prospective observational study

Aim To investigate the impact of hypoglycaemia, hyperglycaemia and glycaemic variability on arrhythmia susceptibility in people with type 1 diabetes. Materials and Methods Thirty adults with type 1 diabetes were included in a 12‐month observational exploratory study. Daytime and night‐time incident...

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Published in:Diabetes, obesity & metabolism obesity & metabolism, 2023-08, Vol.25 (8), p.2300-2309
Main Authors: Hagelqvist, Per G., Andersen, Andreas, Maytham, Kaisar, Andreasen, Christine R., Engberg, Susanne, Lindhardt, Tommi B., Forman, Julie L., Pedersen‐Bjergaard, Ulrik, Knop, Filip K., Vilsbøll, Tina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Arrhythmia
Arrhythmias, Cardiac - epidemiology
Arrhythmias, Cardiac - etiology
Blood Glucose
Cardiac arrhythmia
cardiovascular disease
continuous glucose monitoring
Daytime
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - complications
Glucose
Glucose monitoring
Humans
hyperglycaemia
Hyperglycemia
Hyperglycemia - complications
Hyperglycemia - epidemiology
hypoglycaemia
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia - chemically induced
Hypoglycemia - complications
Hypoglycemia - epidemiology
Observational studies
observational study
type 1 diabetes
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Summary:Aim To investigate the impact of hypoglycaemia, hyperglycaemia and glycaemic variability on arrhythmia susceptibility in people with type 1 diabetes. Materials and Methods Thirty adults with type 1 diabetes were included in a 12‐month observational exploratory study. Daytime and night‐time incident rate ratios (IRRs) of arrhythmias were determined for hypoglycaemia (interstitial glucose [IG] 10.0 mmol/L) and glycaemic variability (standard deviation and coefficient of variation). Results Hypoglycaemia was not associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias compared with euglycaemia and hyperglycaemia combined (IG ≥ 3.9 mmol/L). However, during daytime, a trend of increased risk of arrhythmias was observed when comparing time spent in hypoglycaemia with euglycaemia (IRR 1.08 [95% CI: 0.99‐1.18] per 5 minutes). Furthermore, during daytime, both the occurrence and time spent in hyperglycaemia were associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias compared with euglycaemia (IRR 2.03 [95% CI: 1.21‐3.40] and IRR 1.07 [95% CI: 1.02‐1.13] per 5 minutes, respectively). Night‐time hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia were not associated with the risk of arrhythmias. Increased glycaemic variability was not associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias during daytime, whereas a reduced risk was observed during night‐time. Conclusions Acute hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia during daytime may increase the risk of arrhythmias in individuals with type 1 diabetes. However, no such associations were found during night‐time, indicating diurnal differences in arrhythmia susceptibility.
ISSN:1462-8902
1463-1326
DOI:10.1111/dom.15108