Moderating Role of Depression on the Association of Tic Severity With Functional Impairment in Children

Chronic tic disorders (CTDs) commonly co-occur with other psychiatric disorders. CTDs have been linked to functional impairment and reduction in quality of life. Insufficient research is available on depressive symptoms in patients with CTD, especially children and adolescents, yielding conflicting...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric neurology 2023-07, Vol.144, p.90-96
Main Authors: Sadeh, Dana Feldman, Frenk, Mira Levis, Simha, Tomer, Horesh, Danny, Steinberg, Tamar, Geva, Nofar, Nahon, Matan, Dietrich, Andrea, Hoekstra, Pieter J., Ruhrman, Daphna, Apter, Alan, Fennig, Silvana, Benaroya-Milshtein, Noa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADHD
Chronic tic disorder
Depression
OCD
Tics
Tourette syndrome
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Chronic tic disorders (CTDs) commonly co-occur with other psychiatric disorders. CTDs have been linked to functional impairment and reduction in quality of life. Insufficient research is available on depressive symptoms in patients with CTD, especially children and adolescents, yielding conflicting findings. To investigate the presence of depressive symptoms in a cohort of children and young adolescents with CTD and to test whether they moderate the link between tic severity and functional impairment. The sample consisted of 85 children and adolescents (six to 18 years) with a CTD who were treated in a large referral center. Participants were evaluated using gold-standard self- and clinician-reporting instruments to measure tic symptom severity and tic-related functional impairment (Yale Global Tic Severity Scale), depression (Child Depression Inventory), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (Children Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale). Depressive symptoms (mild to severe) were exhibited by 21% of our sample. Study participants with CTD and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder had higher rates of depressive symptoms compared with those without comorbidities. Significant correlations were found within and among all tic-related and OCD-related measures, yet depressive symptoms only correlated to tic-related functional impairment. Depression significantly and positively moderated the correlation between tic severity and tic-related functional impairment. Findings suggest that depression plays an important part as a moderator in the link between tic severity and functional impairment in children and adolescents. Our study highlights the importance of screening for and treating depression in patients with CTD.
ISSN:0887-8994
1873-5150
DOI:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.04.013