Cerastes snake venom as a promising approach in the management of complete Freund's adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats: Involvement of RANKL and JAK/STAT pathway

Cerastes is a snake found mainly in the Egyptian desert. Many studies were performed to explain the possible snake venom's pharmacological therapeutic effect in different autoimmune diseases. One of the most common auto-immune diseases is rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is characteri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of ethnopharmacology 2023-10, Vol.314, p.116577-116577, Article 116577
Main Authors: Soliman, Nourhan S., Kandeil, Mohamed A., Khalaf, Marwa M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autoimmune disease
Cerastes cerastes
Complete Freund's adjuvant
Rheumatoid arthritis
Snake venom
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Summary:Cerastes is a snake found mainly in the Egyptian desert. Many studies were performed to explain the possible snake venom's pharmacological therapeutic effect in different autoimmune diseases. One of the most common auto-immune diseases is rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by a high release of pro-inflammatory and immune-modulatory cytokines. The reduction of these markers can indicate how effective is the administered drug. This study aims to explore the potential pharmacological effects of cerastes venom in experimentally-induced RA in rats using Complete Freund's adjuvant - via different mechanisms - by assessing various tissue and serum parameters. The rats were assigned to negative control group, cerastes control group, positive control group, dexamethasone-treated group, infliximab-treated group, and cerastes-treated group. The study ended on the 20th day when serum and tissue samples were prepared for further evaluation of reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, rheumatoid factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells as well as relative expression of phosphorylated Janus-kinase, phosphorylated signal transducers and activators of transcription, nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2, and receptor activator of nuclear factor Kappa-B ligand. In addition, a histopathological examination of different groups' knees joints, and spleen was done. The results showed a significant improvement of arthritis induced in the cerastes-treated group in contrast to the positive control group in all assessed parameters. In addition, significant improvement of arthritis was observed in the histopathological examination of different groups' knees joints, and spleen. These results revealed that cerastes snake venom has potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and can be used in the management of arthritis. [Display omitted] •CC snake venom ameliorates CFA-induced rheumatoid arthritis.•CC snake venom restores oxidant/antioxidant balance.•CC snake venom regulates RANKL, JAK/STAT signaling pathways.•CC snake venom attenuates CFA-induced inflammatory response.•CC snake venom improves histopathological examination of knee joint and spleen.
ISSN:0378-8741
1872-7573
DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2023.116577