Active Materials for Functional Origami

In recent decades, origami has been explored to aid in the design of engineering structures. These structures span multiple scales and have been demonstrated to be used toward various areas such as aerospace, metamaterial, biomedical, robotics, and architectural applications. Conventionally, origami...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced materials (Weinheim) 2024-03, Vol.36 (9), p.e2302066-n/a
Main Authors: Leanza, Sophie, Wu, Shuai, Sun, Xiaohao, Qi, H. Jerry, Zhao, Ruike Renee
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
active materials
Actuation
Actuators
Automation
Constitutive models
Deployable structures
Elastomers
folding
Liquid crystals
Manufacturing engineering
Mathematical models
Metamaterials
origami
origami modeling
Polymers
Robotics
Shape memory alloys
stimuli‐responsive materials
Weight reduction
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Summary:In recent decades, origami has been explored to aid in the design of engineering structures. These structures span multiple scales and have been demonstrated to be used toward various areas such as aerospace, metamaterial, biomedical, robotics, and architectural applications. Conventionally, origami or deployable structures have been actuated by hands, motors, or pneumatic actuators, which can result in heavy or bulky structures. On the other hand, active materials, which reconfigure in response to external stimulus, eliminate the need for external mechanical loads and bulky actuation systems. Thus, in recent years, active materials incorporated with deployable structures have shown promise for remote actuation of light weight, programmable origami. In this review, active materials such as shape memory polymers (SMPs) and alloys (SMAs), hydrogels, liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), magnetic soft materials (MSMs), and covalent adaptable network (CAN) polymers, their actuation mechanisms, as well as how they have been utilized for active origami and where these structures are applicable is discussed. Additionally, the state‐of‐the‐art fabrication methods to construct active origami are highlighted. The existing structural modeling strategies for origami, the constitutive models used to describe active materials, and the largest challenges and future directions for active origami research are summarized. Origami has emerged as a popular design strategy for engineering structures. Further, active materials can be integrated with origami for lightweight, programmable, self‐deployable structures relevant to numerous aerospace, metamaterial, and biomedical applications. This review details active material actuation mechanisms, active origami applications, state‐of‐the‐art fabrication methods, as well as origami modeling, and provides insights into the future of active origami research.
ISSN:0935-9648
1521-4095
DOI:10.1002/adma.202302066