Associations between disordered eating behaviour, diabetes distress and emotion regulation strategies in adults with type 1 diabetes: Results from a Dutch‐Italian cross‐sectional study

Aims Disordered eating behaviour (DEB) and diabetes distress are prevalent in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Emotion regulation strategies, such as cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, are associated with DEB and managing stress in general. Here we examine the associations between D...

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Published in:Diabetic medicine 2023-08, Vol.40 (8), p.e15122-n/a
Main Authors: Embaye, Jiska, Bassi, Giulia, Dingemans, Alexandra E., Doesborg, Loes, Snoek, Frank J., Wit, Maartje
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Cognitive ability
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes
diabetes distress
Diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - psychology
disordered eating behaviour
Eating behavior
emotion regulation
Emotional Regulation
Feeding and Eating Disorders - complications
Female
Humans
Italy - epidemiology
Male
Surveys
type 1 diabetes
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Summary:Aims Disordered eating behaviour (DEB) and diabetes distress are prevalent in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Emotion regulation strategies, such as cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, are associated with DEB and managing stress in general. Here we examine the associations between DEB, diabetes distress, and emotion regulation strategies in the context of T1D. Methods Adults with T1D in The Netherlands and Italy completed an online survey, covering DEB (DEPS‐R), diabetes distress (PAID‐5), and emotion regulation strategies (ERQ). Associations between DEB, diabetes distress, and emotion regulation strategies were examined using path analysis. Results N = 291 participants completed the survey (78.9% women, 39 ± 13 years, HbA1c: 55 ± 16 mmol/mol (7.2% [3.6%]); TIR: 66% ± 25). N = 79 participants (27.1%) reported DEB (DEPS‐R ≥ 20) and n = 159 participants (54.6%) reported elevated diabetes distress (PAID‐5 ≥ 8). The path analysis, with small‐to‐medium effect sizes, revealed that more diabetes distress was associated with more DEB (β = 0.23, 95% CI [0.13, 0.34]). Less diabetes distress was associated with more use of cognitive reappraisal (β = −0.24, 95% CI [−0.36, −0.12]). More DEB was associated with more use of expressive suppression (β = 0.14, 95% CI [0.04, 0.24]). Conclusions This cross‐sectional study suggests an association between DEB and diabetes distress, between cognitive reappraisal and less diabetes distress and between expressive suppression and more DEB. The results suggest that it may prove beneficial to prioritize strengthening emotion regulation strategies in interventions for people with T1D and DEB. Future research should help clarify causality with regard to emotion regulation and DEB in adults with T1D.
ISSN:0742-3071
1464-5491
DOI:10.1111/dme.15122