The role of noncoding RNAs in pancreatic birth defects

Congenital defects in the pancreas can cause severe health issues such as pancreatic cancer and diabetes which require lifelong treatment. Regenerating healthy pancreatic cells to replace malfunctioning cells has been considered a promising cure for pancreatic diseases including birth defects. Howev...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Birth defects research 2023-11, Vol.115 (19), p.1785-1808
Main Authors: Yang, Ziyue Zoey, Parchem, Ronald J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Animals
Birth defects
Cell differentiation
Congenital defects
Diabetes Mellitus
Differentiation (biology)
DNA methylation
Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics
epigenetic regulation
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Histones
In vivo methods and tests
lncRNA
miRNA
ncRNA
Non-coding RNA
Organogenesis
Pancreas
pancreatic birth defects
Pancreatic cancer
pancreatic development
Pancreatic diseases
Pancreatic Neoplasms - genetics
Progenitor cells
RNA, Untranslated - genetics
Stem cells
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Summary:Congenital defects in the pancreas can cause severe health issues such as pancreatic cancer and diabetes which require lifelong treatment. Regenerating healthy pancreatic cells to replace malfunctioning cells has been considered a promising cure for pancreatic diseases including birth defects. However, such therapies are currently unavailable in the clinic. The developmental gene regulatory network underlying pancreatic development must be reactivated for in vivo regeneration and recapitulated in vitro for cell replacement therapy. Thus, understanding the mechanisms driving pancreatic development will pave the way for regenerative therapies. Pancreatic progenitor cells are the precursors of all pancreatic cells which use epigenetic changes to control gene expression during differentiation to generate all of the distinct pancreatic cell types. Epigenetic changes involving DNA methylation and histone modifications can be controlled by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that ncRNAs are indispensable for proper organogenesis. Here, we summarize recent insight into the role of ncRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of pancreatic development. We further discuss how disruptions in ncRNA biogenesis and expression lead to developmental defects and diseases. This review summarizes in vivo data from animal models and in vitro studies using stem cell differentiation as a model for pancreatic development.
ISSN:2472-1727
2472-1727
DOI:10.1002/bdr2.2178