Multiple introgression events during the diversification history of the edible Mexican grasshopper genus Sphenarium (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)

[Display omitted] •Nuclear 3RAD data unveils a complex diversification history in Sphenarium.•Mitochondrial and nuclear introgression was found in a number of species pairs.•The genome-wide nuclear data supported the existence of four undescribed species.•A complex introgression history was found fo...

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Published in:Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2023-06, Vol.183, p.107774-107774, Article 107774
Main Authors: Benites, Pilar, Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, Meza-Lázaro, Rubi N., Samacá-Sáenz, Ernesto, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Jorge, Hernández-López, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
DNA, Mitochondrial - chemistry
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Grasshoppers - genetics
Hybridisation
Mesoamerica
Mexico
Mitochondria - genetics
Phylogeny
Speciation
Species delineation
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Nuclear 3RAD data unveils a complex diversification history in Sphenarium.•Mitochondrial and nuclear introgression was found in a number of species pairs.•The genome-wide nuclear data supported the existence of four undescribed species.•A complex introgression history was found for the genus in the Tehuantepec Isthmus. Speciation with gene flow often leads to ambiguous phylogenetic reconstructions, reticulate patterns of relatedness and conflicting nuclear versus mitochondrial (mt) lineages. Here we employed a fragment of the COI mtDNA gene and nuclear genome-wide data (3RAD) to assess the diversification history of Sphenarium, an orthopteran genus of great economic importance in Mexico that is presumed to have experienced hybridisation events in some of its species. We carried out separate phylogenetic analyses to evaluate the existence of mito-nuclear discordance in the species relationships, and also assessed the genomic diversity and population genomic structure and investigated the existence of interspecific introgression and species limits of the taxa involved based on the nuclear dataset. The species delineation analyses discriminated all the currently recognised species, but also supported the existence of four undescribed species. The mt and nuclear topologies had four discordant species relationships that can be explained by mt introgression, where the mt haplotypes of S. purpurascens appear to have replaced those of S. purpurascens A and B, S. variabile and S. zapotecum. Moreover, our analyses supported the existence of nuclear introgression events between four species pairs that are distributed in the Sierra Madre del Sur province in southeast Mexico, with three of them occurring in the Tehuantepec Isthmus region. Our study highlights the relevance of genomic data to address the relative importance of allopatric isolation versus gene flow in speciation.
ISSN:1055-7903
1095-9513
DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107774