Safranal inhibits estrogen-deficiency osteoporosis by targeting Sirt1 to interfere with NF-κB acetylation

Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone metabolic disease in menopause, and long-term medication is accompanied by serious side effects. Estrogen deficiency-mediated hyperactivated osteoclasts is the initiating factor for bone loss, which is regulated by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. Safranal (Saf)...

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Published in:Phytomedicine (Stuttgart) 2023-06, Vol.114, p.154739-154739, Article 154739
Main Authors: Sheng, Sun-Ren, Wu, Yu-Hao, Dai, Zi-Han, Jin, Chen, He, Gao-Lu, Jin, Shu-Qing, Zhao, Bi-Yao, Zhou, Xin, Xie, Cheng-Long, Zheng, Gang, Tian, Nai-Feng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylation
Animals
Bone Resorption - drug therapy
Bone Resorption - metabolism
Estrogens - deficiency
Estrogens - metabolism
Female
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
NF-kappa B - metabolism
Osteoclast
Osteoclasts
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis - drug therapy
Osteoporosis - metabolism
Ovariectomy
Safranal
Sirt1
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Summary:Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone metabolic disease in menopause, and long-term medication is accompanied by serious side effects. Estrogen deficiency-mediated hyperactivated osteoclasts is the initiating factor for bone loss, which is regulated by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. Safranal (Saf) is a monoterpene aldehyde produced from Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and possesses multiple biological properties, particularly the anti-inflammatory property. However, Saf's role in osteoporosis remains unknown. This study aims to validate the role of Saf in osteoporosis and explore the potential mechanism. The RANKL-exposed mouse BMM (bone marrow monocytes) and the castration-mediated osteoporosis model were applied to explore the effect and mechanism of Saf in vitro and in vivo. The effect of Saf on osteoclast formation and function were assessed by TRAcP staining, bone-resorptive experiment, qPCR, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence, etc. Micro-CT, HE, TRAcP and immunohistochemical staining were performed to estimate the effects of Saf administration on OVX-mediated osteoporosis in mice at imaging and histological levels. Saf concentration-dependently inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclast differentiation without affecting cellular viability. Meanwhile, Saf-mediated anti-osteolytic capacity and Sirt1 upregulation were also found in ovariectomized mice. Mechanistically, Saf interfered with NF-κB signaling by activating Sirt1 to increase p65 deacetylation and inactivating IKK to decrease IκBα degradation. Our results support the potential application of Saf as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis. Saf interfered with NF-κB signaling by activating Sirt1 to increase p65 deacetylation and inactivating IKKα/β to alleviate osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. [Display omitted]
ISSN:0944-7113
1618-095X
DOI:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154739