miRNAs as potential game-changers in melanoma: A comprehensive review

Melanoma is the sixth most frequent malignancy. It represents 1.7% of all cancer cases worldwide. Many risk factors are associated with melanoma including ultraviolet radiation skin phenotype, Pigmented Nevi, Pesticides, and genetic and epigenetic factors. Of the main epigenetic factors affecting me...

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Published in:Pathology, research and practice research and practice, 2023-04, Vol.244, p.154424-154424, Article 154424
Main Authors: Abd-Allah, Gamil M., Ismail, Ahmed, El-Mahdy, Hesham A., Elsakka, Elsayed G.E., El-Husseiny, Ahmed A., Abdelmaksoud, Nourhan M., Salman, Aya, Elkhawaga, Samy Y., Doghish, Ahmed S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Drug resistance
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Humans
Melanoma
Melanoma - pathology
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
Oncogenic miRNA
Pathogenesis
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism
Skin Neoplasms - genetics
Tumor suppressor miRNA
Ultraviolet Rays
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Summary:Melanoma is the sixth most frequent malignancy. It represents 1.7% of all cancer cases worldwide. Many risk factors are associated with melanoma including ultraviolet radiation skin phenotype, Pigmented Nevi, Pesticides, and genetic and epigenetic factors. Of the main epigenetic factors affecting melanoma are microribonucleic acids (miRNAs). They are short nucleic acid chains that have the potential to prevent the expression of a number of target genes. They could target a number of genes related to melanoma initiation, stemness, angiogenesis, apoptosis, proliferation, and potential resistance to treatment. Additionally, they can control several melanoma signaling pathways, including P53, WNT/-catenin, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis, TGF- β, and EGFR. MiRNAs also play a role in the resistance of melanoma to essential treatment regimens. The stability and abundance of miRNAs might be important factors enhancing the use of miRNAs as markers of prognosis, diagnosis, stemness, survival, and metastasis in melanoma patients. [Display omitted]
ISSN:0344-0338
1618-0631
DOI:10.1016/j.prp.2023.154424