Pathogenic Mis-splicing of CPEB4 in Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is caused by an interplay of polygenic risk and environmental factors, which may alter regulators of gene expression leading to pathogenic misexpression of SCZ risk genes. The CPEB family of RNA-binding proteins (CPEB1–4) regulates translation of target RNAs (approximately 40% of...

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Published in:Biological psychiatry (1969) 2023-08, Vol.94 (4), p.341-351
Main Authors: Ollà, Ivana, Pardiñas, Antonio F., Parras, Alberto, Hernández, Ivó H., Santos-Galindo, María, Picó, Sara, Callado, Luis F., Elorza, Ainara, Rodríguez-López, Claudia, Fernández-Miranda, Gonzalo, Belloc, Eulàlia, Walters, James T.R., O’Donovan, Michael C., Méndez, Raúl, Toma, Claudio, Meana, J. Javier, Owen, Michael J., Lucas, José J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antipsychotic Agents - therapeutic use
Autism Spectrum Disorder - genetics
Brain - metabolism
CPEB
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genome-Wide Association Study
GWAS
Mice
Microexon
Mouse model
RNA-binding protein
RNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
RNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Schizophrenia - drug therapy
Schizophrenia - genetics
Splicing
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Summary:Schizophrenia (SCZ) is caused by an interplay of polygenic risk and environmental factors, which may alter regulators of gene expression leading to pathogenic misexpression of SCZ risk genes. The CPEB family of RNA-binding proteins (CPEB1–4) regulates translation of target RNAs (approximately 40% of overall genes). We previously identified CPEB4 as a key dysregulated translational regulator in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) because its neuronal-specific microexon (exon 4) is mis-spliced in ASD brains, causing underexpression of numerous ASD risk genes. The genetic factors and pathogenic mechanisms shared between SCZ and ASD led us to hypothesize CPEB4 mis-splicing in SCZ leading to underexpression of multiple SCZ-related genes. We performed MAGMA-enrichment analysis on Psychiatric Genomics Consortium genome-wide association study data and analyzed RNA sequencing data from the PsychENCODE Consortium. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were performed on postmortem brain tissue, and the presence/absence of antipsychotics was assessed through toxicological analysis. Finally, mice with mild overexpression of exon 4–lacking CPEB4 (CPEB4Δ4) were generated and analyzed biochemically and behaviorally. First, we found enrichment of SCZ-associated genes for CPEB4-binder transcripts. We also found decreased usage of CPEB4 microexon in SCZ probands, which was correlated with decreased protein levels of CPEB4-target SCZ-associated genes only in antipsychotic-free individuals. Interestingly, differentially expressed genes fit those reported for SCZ, specifically in the SCZ probands with decreased CPEB4-microexon inclusion. Finally, we demonstrated that mice with mild overexpression of CPEB4Δ4 showed decreased protein levels of CPEB4-target SCZ genes and SCZ-linked behaviors. We identified aberrant CPEB4 splicing and downstream misexpression of SCZ risk genes as a novel etiological mechanism in SCZ.
ISSN:0006-3223
1873-2402
DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.03.010