Application of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeled toluene blood concentration in the assessment of short term exposure limits

Toluene is a volatile hydrocarbon with solvent applications in several industries. Acute neurological effects in workers exposed to toluene have been reported in various publications. To inform the basis for a toluene Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL), studies of toluene-exposed workers were modeled...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology 2023-05, Vol.140, p.105380-105380, Article 105380
Main Authors: North, Colin M., Rooseboom, Martijn, Kocabas, Neslihan Aygun, Synhaeve, Nicholas, Radcliffe, Richard James, Segal, Lawrence
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Computer Simulation
Humans
Occupational Exposure
Solvents - pharmacokinetics
Threshold Limit Values
Toluene
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Summary:Toluene is a volatile hydrocarbon with solvent applications in several industries. Acute neurological effects in workers exposed to toluene have been reported in various publications. To inform the basis for a toluene Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL), studies of toluene-exposed workers were modeled using customized exposure scenarios within an existing physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to simulate blood concentrations during individual studies. Maximum simulated blood concentration ranged from 0.3 to 1.7 (mean = 0.74 mg/L, median = 0.73, upper 95th percentile = 1.07) at the studies identified No Observed Adverse Effect Concentration (NOAEC). Maximum simulated blood concentration ranged from 0.7 to 4.1 mg/L (mean = 1.81, median = 1.63, lower 95th percentile = 0.92) at the studies identified Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Concentration (LOAEC). The maximum blood concentration for a 100 ppm STEL-like simulation was 0.4 mg/L, at the lower end of the NOAEC range and below the 95th percentile of the LOAEC. Therefore, it appears that a STEL
ISSN:0273-2300
1096-0295
DOI:10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105380