Cysteine carboxyethylation generates neoantigens to induce HLA-restricted autoimmunity

Autoimmune diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS) can be driven by emerging neoantigens that disrupt immune tolerance. Here, we developed a workflow to profile posttranslational modifications involved in neoantigen formation. Using mass spectrometry, we identified a panel of cysteine residues...

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Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2023-03, Vol.379 (6637), p.eabg2482-eabg2482
Main Authors: Zhai, Yue, Chen, Liang, Zhao, Qian, Zheng, Zhao-Hui, Chen, Zhi-Nan, Bian, Huijie, Yang, Xu, Lu, Huan-Yu, Lin, Peng, Chen, Xi, Chen, Ruo, Sun, Hao-Yang, Fan, Lin-Ni, Zhang, Kun, Wang, Bin, Sun, Xiu-Xuan, Feng, Zhuan, Zhu, Yu-Meng, Zhou, Jian-Sheng, Chen, Shi-Rui, Zhang, Tao, Chen, Si-Yu, Chen, Jun-Jie, Zhang, Kui, Wang, Yan, Chang, Yang, Zhang, Rui, Zhang, Bei, Wang, Li-Juan, Li, Xiao-Min, He, Qian, Yang, Xiang-Min, Nan, Gang, Xie, Rong-Hua, Yang, Liu, Yang, Jing-Hua, Zhu, Ping
Format: Article
Language:eng
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Summary:Autoimmune diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS) can be driven by emerging neoantigens that disrupt immune tolerance. Here, we developed a workflow to profile posttranslational modifications involved in neoantigen formation. Using mass spectrometry, we identified a panel of cysteine residues differentially modified by carboxyethylation that required 3-hydroxypropionic acid to generate neoantigens in patients with AS. The lysosomal degradation of integrin αIIb [ITGA2B (CD41)] carboxyethylated at Cys96 (ITGA2B-ceC96) generated carboxyethylated peptides that were presented by HLA-DRB1*04 to stimulate CD4 T cell responses and induce autoantibody production. Immunization of HLA-DR4 transgenic mice with the ITGA2B-ceC96 peptide promoted colitis and vertebral bone erosion. Thus, metabolite-induced cysteine carboxyethylation can give rise to pathogenic neoantigens that lead to autoreactive CD4 T cell responses and autoantibody production in autoimmune diseases.
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203