Oxidative stress: A target to treat Alzheimer's disease and stroke

Oxidative stress has been established as a well-known pathological condition in several neurovascular diseases. It starts with increased production of highly oxidizing free-radicals (e.g. reactive oxygen species; ROS and reactive nitrogen species; RNS) and becomes too high for the endogenous antioxi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neurochemistry international 2023-05, Vol.165, p.105509-105509, Article 105509
Main Authors: Briyal, Seema, Ranjan, Amaresh K., Gulati, Anil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alzheimer Disease - metabolism
Alzheimer's disease
Antioxidant therapy
Antioxidants - metabolism
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Brain disorders
Endothelin B receptors
Endothelins
Humans
Oxidative Stress
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Sovateltide
Stroke
Stroke - complications
Stroke - drug therapy
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Summary:Oxidative stress has been established as a well-known pathological condition in several neurovascular diseases. It starts with increased production of highly oxidizing free-radicals (e.g. reactive oxygen species; ROS and reactive nitrogen species; RNS) and becomes too high for the endogenous antioxidant system to neutralize them, which results in a significantly disturbed balance between free-radicals and antioxidants levels and causes cellular damage. A number of studies have evidently shown that oxidative stress plays a critical role in activating multiple cell signaling pathways implicated in both progression as well as initiation of neurological diseases. Therefore, oxidative stress continues to remain a key therapeutic target for neurological diseases. This review discusses the mechanisms involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the brain, oxidative stress, and pathogenesis of neurological disorders such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the scope of antioxidant therapies for these disorders. •Oxidative stress is a key therapeutic target for many neurological diseases.•Effects of oxidative damage in the pathophysiology of AD and Stroke.•Antioxidant strategies in preclinical animal models and clinical trials for neurological diseases.•Exploring unknown cellular and molecular mechanisms of OS for a better understanding of current antioxidant therapeutics.
ISSN:0197-0186
1872-9754
DOI:10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105509