Case history of controlling a major landslide at Karandu, Turkey

Landslides are the major geotechnical problems in highway projects. The trinity, consisting of water, discontinuity, and clay (WDC), is the major driving force behind any landslide. A detailed model study including geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology, and geotechnics, enables the geotechnical...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Engineering geology 2003-10, Vol.70 (1), p.47-53
Main Authors: Yilmazer, Ilyas, Yilmazer, Ozgur, Saraç, Cem
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Artesian pressure
Buildings. Public works
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Exact sciences and technology
Geomodel
Geotechnics
Highway
Landslide
Natural hazards: prediction, damages, etc
Road construction. Pavements. Maintenance
Shear strength
Soil mechanics. Rocks mechanics
Transportation infrastructure
Water–discontinuity–clay (WDC)
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Summary:Landslides are the major geotechnical problems in highway projects. The trinity, consisting of water, discontinuity, and clay (WDC), is the major driving force behind any landslide. A detailed model study including geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology, and geotechnics, enables the geotechnical designer to alleviate a slide problem. The Karandu landslide with a mass of over 100 million m 3 forms a transportation bottleneck from Ankara and Istanbul to Sinop in Turkey. The artesian pressure in the slide mass is greater than 2 bars. Well-developed and outsloping discontinuities have conveyed infiltrating groundwater towards the slide area. High clay content of the slide mass derived from an underlying unit of claystone and siltstone reduced the shear strength considerably. In addition to surface drainage, a subsurface drainage system consisting of water wells and trenches have reduced the water table and piezometric level appreciably. They formed a comprehensive network to mitigate the adverse effect of the WDC. Thus, the minimum factor of safety increased 30% or more. This solution allowed the designer to cross the slide area and to follow the best alignment for the given corridor. Thus, construction costs have reduced to one third of rehabilitation costs for the existing road. Also, transportation time was reduced from 2.5 h to 50 min.
ISSN:0013-7952
1872-6917
DOI:10.1016/S0013-7952(03)00081-4