DcWRKY33 promotes petal senescence in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) by activating genes involved in the biosynthesis of ethylene and abscisic acid and accumulation of reactive oxygen species

SUMMARY Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is one of the most famous and ethylene‐sensitive cut flowers worldwide, but how ethylene interacts with other plant hormones and factors to regulate petal senescence in carnation is largely unknown. Here we found that a gene encoding WRKY family transcrip...

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Published in:The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 2023-02, Vol.113 (4), p.698-715
Main Authors: Wang, Teng, Sun, Zheng, Wang, Siqi, Feng, Shan, Wang, Ruiming, Zhu, Chunlin, Zhong, Linlin, Cheng, Yunjiang, Bao, Manzhu, Zhang, Fan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abscisic acid
Abscisic Acid - metabolism
Accumulation
Biosynthesis
carnation
cut flower
Dianthus - genetics
Dianthus caryophyllus
Dianthus caryophyllus L
Ethylene
Ethylenes - metabolism
Flowers
Genes
Hormones
Hydrogen peroxide
Oxygen
petal senescence
Petals
post‐harvest
Reactive oxygen species
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Senescence
Syzygium - metabolism
Transcription Factors - genetics
Transcription Factors - metabolism
transcriptional regulation
WRKY transcription factor
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Summary:SUMMARY Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is one of the most famous and ethylene‐sensitive cut flowers worldwide, but how ethylene interacts with other plant hormones and factors to regulate petal senescence in carnation is largely unknown. Here we found that a gene encoding WRKY family transcription factor, DcWRKY33, was significantly upregulated upon ethylene treatment. Silencing and overexpression of DcWRKY33 could delay and accelerate the senescence of carnation petals, respectively. Abscisic acid (ABA) and H2O2 treatments could also accelerate the senescence of carnation petals by inducing the expression of DcWRKY33. Further, DcWRKY33 can bind directly to the promoters of ethylene biosynthesis genes (DcACS1 and DcACO1), ABA biosynthesis genes (DcNCED2 and DcNCED5), and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation gene DcRBOHB to activate their expression. Lastly, relationships are existed between ethylene, ABA and ROS. This study elucidated that DcWRKY33 promotes petal senescence by activating genes involved in the biosynthesis of ethylene and ABA and accumulation of ROS in carnation, supporting the development of new strategies to prolong the vase life of cut carnation. Significance Statement Carnation is a well‐known ethylene‐sensitive cut flower. How ethylene interacts with other factors to influence petal senescence in carnation remains largely unknown. We found that DcWRKY33 can integrate ethylene biosynthesis, abscisic acid biosynthesis, and reactive oxygen species generation pathways to regulate petal senescence in carnation. The tripartite amplification loop plays an important role in regulating petal senescence.
ISSN:0960-7412
1365-313X
DOI:10.1111/tpj.16075