Oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Advances in development, disease, and heterogeneity

Oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Advances in development, disease, and heterogeneity

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) originate in the ventricular zone (VZ) of the brain and spinal cord, and their primary function is to differentiate into oligodendrocytes (OLs). Studies have shown that OPCs and OLs are pathologically and physiologically heterogeneous. Previous transcriptome a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neurochemistry 2023-02, Vol.164 (4), p.468-480
Main Authors: Wang, Jia‐Qi, Gao, Meng‐Yuan, Gao, Rui, Zhao, Ke‐Han, Zhang, Yuan, Li, Xing
Format: Article
Language:eng
Subjects:
Brain
Cell Differentiation - physiology
cell heterogeneity
Cell Lineage
Cells (biology)
demyelinating diseases
Gene expression
Glial stem cells
Health services
Heterogeneity
oligodendrocyte lineage cells
Oligodendrocytes
Oligodendroglia - metabolism
Progenitor cells
RNA, Small Nuclear - metabolism
single‐cell nuclear sequencing
single‐cell sequencing
snRNA
Spinal Cord
Subpopulations
Transcriptomes
Ventricle
Ventricular zone
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Summary:Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) originate in the ventricular zone (VZ) of the brain and spinal cord, and their primary function is to differentiate into oligodendrocytes (OLs). Studies have shown that OPCs and OLs are pathologically and physiologically heterogeneous. Previous transcriptome analyses used Bulk RNA‐seq, which compares average gene expression in cells and does not allow for heterogeneity. In recent years, the development of single‐cell sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and single‐cell nuclear sequencing (snRNA‐seq) has allowed us to study an individual cell. In this review, sc/snRNA‐seq was used to study the different subpopulations of OL lineage cells, their developmental trajectories, and their applications in related diseases. These techniques can distinguish different subpopulations of cells, and identify differentially expressed genes in particular cell types under certain conditions, such as treatment or disease. It is of great significance to the study of the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of various diseases. The oligodendrocyte lineage cells include oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes (OLs). In recent years, the development of single‐cell sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and single‐cell nuclear sequencing (snRNA‐seq) has allowed us to study an individual cell. In this review, sc/snRNA‐seq was used to study the different subpopulations of OL lineage cells, their developmental trajectories, and applications in related diseases. These findings are of great significance for exploring the development and differentiation of OPCs and studying therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases. It is of great significance to the study of the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of various diseases.
ISSN:0022-3042
1471-4159