Interindividual variability of adaptations following either traditional strength or power training combined to endurance training in older men: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial

This study aimed to investigate the interindividual responses following two different concurrent training (CT) regimens in neuromuscular, cardiorespiratory and functional outcomes of older men. Thirty-five older men (65.8 ± 3.9 years) were randomly allocated into one of two CT groups: power training...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental gerontology 2022-11, Vol.169, p.111984-111984, Article 111984
Main Authors: Formighieri, Carolina, Müller, Diana C., Sáez de Asteasu, Mikel L., Mello, Alexandre, Teodoro, Juliana L., Boeno, Francesco, Grazioli, Rafael, Cunha, Giovani dos S., Pietta-Dias, Caroline, Izquierdo, Mikel, Pinto, Ronei S., Cadore, Eduardo L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
Aged
Aging
Cardiorespiratory fitness
Concurrent training
Endurance Training
Explosive force
Functional capacity
Humans
Male
Maximal strength
Muscle Strength - physiology
Muscle, Skeletal - physiology
Quadriceps Muscle
Resistance Training
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Summary:This study aimed to investigate the interindividual responses following two different concurrent training (CT) regimens in neuromuscular, cardiorespiratory and functional outcomes of older men. Thirty-five older men (65.8 ± 3.9 years) were randomly allocated into one of two CT groups: power training (PT) + high-intensity interval training (HIIT) (n = 17); or traditional strength training (TST) + HIIT (n = 18). Maximal dynamic strength (one-repetition maximum, 1RM), rate of force development at 100 milliseconds (RDF100), countermovement jump power (CMJ), quadriceps femoris muscle thickness (QF MT), functional tests (sit-to-stand, timed-up-and-go, and stair climbing), and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) were assessed pre-, post-8 and post-16 weeks of training. The Chi-squared test was used for assessing differences in the prevalence of responders (Rs), non-responders (NRs), and adverse responders (ARs). Similar prevalence of individual responses (Rs, NRs and ARs) between groups were observed after intervention in almost all outcomes: 1RM; power at CMJ; QF MT, and functional tests (P > 0.05). However, a significant difference in the distribution of Rs, NRs and ARs between groups was observed in the RFD100 after 16 weeks (p = 0.003), with PT + HIIT group presenting high prevalence of Rs than TST + HIIT (100 % vs. 50 %). The inclusion of explosive-type of contractions in a concurrent training regime induces greater responsiveness in the RFD100 in older men, while no differences compared to traditional strength training are observed in maximal strength, muscle size, VO2peak, and functional performance. •There is an individual variability of physiological adaptations to physical training.•In older adults, there is a high responsiveness in maximal strength following strength or power training combined to HIIT.•High individual variability of responses was observed in aerobic power, functional tests and muscle hypertrophy.•Power training combined to HIIT promoted high responsiveness in the explosive force in older men.
ISSN:0531-5565
1873-6815
DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2022.111984