Cytocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of a novel endodontic irrigant combining citric acid and chlorhexidine

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial ability and cytocompatibility of a new irrigant solution for endodontic treatment composed of 10% citric acid (CA) and 1% chlorhexidine (CHX). Thirty-five extracted single-canal human teeth were selected and de-crowned. Canal systems (n = 7/group) were...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dentistry 2022-10, Vol.125, p.104278-104278, Article 104278
Main Authors: Scelza, Miriam Zaccaro, Iorio, Natalia L.P.P., Scelza, Pantaleo, Póvoa, Helvécio C.C., Adeodato, Caroline S.R., Souza, Ana Carolina N., Batista, Ana Carolina, Tavares, Sandro, Alves, Gutemberg
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Antibacterial activity
Antimicrobial activity
Antimicrobial agents
Biocompatibility
Biofilms
Chlorhexidine
Citric acid
Confidence intervals
Cytocompatibility
Dentistry
Endodontics
Fibroblasts
Hydrogen peroxide
Infections
Iodine
Irrigation
Laboratories
Lavage
Ligaments
Medical dressings
Periodontal ligament
Root canal irrigants
Root canals
Sample size
Scanning electron microscopy
Sodium hypochlorite
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Summary:This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial ability and cytocompatibility of a new irrigant solution for endodontic treatment composed of 10% citric acid (CA) and 1% chlorhexidine (CHX). Thirty-five extracted single-canal human teeth were selected and de-crowned. Canal systems (n = 7/group) were infected with Enterococcus faecalis for 4 weeks and subject to irrigation with 1% CHX; 10% CA; irrigating solution 10% CA associated with 1% CHX (CACHX); 2.5% NaOCl or sterile water (control). Microbiological samples were collected immediately and 18 h after irrigation (enriched samples). The canals were filled with culture medium post irrigation to verify the bacterial presence/absence qualitatively and quantitatively through colony counting (log10 CFU/mL). A multiparametric assay was performed after exposure of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPdLF) to the test solutions. The Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn´s post-test and Fisher's exact test were employed at the 95% confidence level to compare differences among groups. All tested solutions were cytocompatible with human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. No difference was observed on antibacterial activity between 1% CHX, 10% CA, CACHX and 2.5% NaOCl (p > 0.05). Eighteen hours after irrigation, CACHX samples were the only that did not present E. faecalis in the root canal system. The demonstrated good in vitro biocompatibility and elimination of E. faecalis suggest a potential use of 10% CA associated with 1% CHX as a solution for microbiological control during endodontic treatment. Irrigants play an essential role during endodontic therapy. This irrigating solution, based on the association of 10% citric acid with 1% chlorhexidine, seems viable for clinical procedures.
ISSN:0300-5712
1879-176X
DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104278