Quantitative histology as a diagnostic tool for celiac disease in children and adolescents

To measure the villous height, the crypt depth, and the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes/100 enterocytes of the small intestinal mucosa of children and adolescents with celiac disease; and to classify these findings according to Q- Marsh and Q-histology scales. Retrospective study of a database...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of diagnostic pathology 2022-12, Vol.61, p.152031-152031, Article 152031
Main Authors: Vargas, Mateus M., Artigiani Neto, Ricardo, Sdepanian, Vera L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescents
Celiac disease/diagnosis
Children
Giardiasis
Histology
Intestinal Mucosa
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Summary:To measure the villous height, the crypt depth, and the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes/100 enterocytes of the small intestinal mucosa of children and adolescents with celiac disease; and to classify these findings according to Q- Marsh and Q-histology scales. Retrospective study of a database from the Department of Pathology of biopsies from the second portion of the duodenum of pediatric patients. According to the histological report, three groups were established: celiac disease at diagnosis (n = 50), controls (n = 26), giardiasis (n = 10). In each biopsy, software (cellSens and Image J) evaluated 5 villous heights, 5 crypt depth and the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes/100 enterocytes. The celiac group had the lowest mean villous height (197.83 μm) of all three groups (control = 477.70 μm; giardiasis = 397.04 μm. The celiac group's villous:crypt ratio (0.78) was significantly lower than the control group (1.89). The number of intraepithelial lymphocytes ≥25 was exclusive to the celiac group, with a sensitivity and specificity of 100 %. Only celiac patients were included in types 2 and 3 of the Q-histology classification. Celiac disease patients showed shorter villous height than other groups, and the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes ≥25 was the best parameter to differentiate celiac from controls and giardiasis groups. Intraepithelial lymphocytes ≥25/100 enterocytes associated with any degree of villous atrophy, the classic Marsh 3 type, set the histological parameters of celiac disease. Quantitative histology is a valuable tool for diagnosing celiac disease, enabling histological changes in a short time, and the Q-histology scale appears to be more suitable than the Q-Marsh scale. •Quantitative histology helps discriminate celiac disease from other conditions.•Q-histology is the best morphometric scale for pediatrics.•Intraepithelial lymphocytes count ≥25 is the best parameter for diagnosis.•Intraepithelial lymphocytes ≥25 and any degree of villous atrophy set diagnosis.
ISSN:1092-9134
1532-8198
DOI:10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2022.152031