Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction In School Age Children With Overweight And Obesity

We investigated cardiac autonomic function in overweight and obese school-age children. Quantitative cross-sectional study conducted with children (n = 110) of both genders. Children were divided by normal weight (NW; n = 54), overweight (OW; n = 24) and obese (OB; n = 32). Systolic (SBP) and diasto...

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Published in:Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases, 2022-10, Vol.32 (10), p.2410-2417
Main Authors: Campos, Jéssica O., Barros, Monique A.V., Oliveira, Tafnes L.P. S.A., Nobre, Isabele G., de Morais, André S., Santos, Marcos A.M., Leandro, Carol.G., Costa-Silva, João H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autonomic Nervous System
Cardiovascular System
Childhood
Obesity
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Summary:We investigated cardiac autonomic function in overweight and obese school-age children. Quantitative cross-sectional study conducted with children (n = 110) of both genders. Children were divided by normal weight (NW; n = 54), overweight (OW; n = 24) and obese (OB; n = 32). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and electrocardiograms were recorded and analyzed for heart rate and the heart rate variability (HRV) in time (SDRR, RMSSD, PRR50, SD1 and SD2) and frequency domains (HF, LF and LF/HF). The OB group presented higher SBP (p ≤0.01) and DBP (p ≤0.01). For HRV, the OB group had a lower PRR50 (p ≤0.01) and HF (p ≤0.01), associated with higher LF (p≤0.01). Moderate negative correlations were found between the HF, BMI (r = -0.37; p ≤0.01) and WC (r = -0.38; p ≤0.01). Positive moderate correlation were found between LF, LF/HF and BMI (LF: r = 0.32; p ≤0.01; LF/HF: r = 0.31; p ≤0.01) and WC (LF: r = 0.34; p≤0.01; LF/HF: = 0.34; p≤0.01). Multiple linear regression showed a positive association between body fat and the SDRR (β: 0.48; CI: 0.2-4.2; p=0.02). No differences were observed in cardiac electrical activity. Children with obesity but not overweight presented higher blood pressure and cardiac autonomic dysfunction, with sympathetic predominance on the heart rate. This fact was positively correlated with BMI and may be considered an important marker for cardiovascular risk in children. •Children with obesity seems to have higher values of blood pressure.•Obesity is associated to sympathetic cardiac predominance in children.•Overweight seems to not affect the autonomic cardiac function in children.•HRV can help in the early detection of cardiovascular risk, even during childhood.
ISSN:0939-4753
1590-3729
DOI:10.1016/j.numecd.2022.06.009