Characterizing plant trait(s) for improved heat tolerance in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) under subtropical climate

Field pea is highly sensitive to climatic vagaries, particularly high-temperature stress. The crop often experiences terminal heat stress in tropical climates indicating the need for the development of heat-tolerant cultivars. Characterization and identification of stress-adaptive plant traits are p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of biometeorology 2022-06, Vol.66 (6), p.1267-1281
Main Authors: Parihar, Ashok K., Hazra, Kali K., Lamichaney, Amrit, Dixit, Girish P., Singh, Deepak, Singh, Anil K., Singh, Narendra P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural production
Ambient temperature
Animal Physiology
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomass
Biophysics
Climate
Crop yield
Crops
Cultivars
Earth and Environmental Science
Edible Grain
Environment
Environmental Health
Flowering
Genotype-environment interactions
Genotypes
Grain
Heat
Heat resistance
Heat stress
Heat tolerance
Heat-Shock Response - genetics
High temperature
High temperature environments
Meteorology
Multivariate analysis
Original Paper
Peas
Phenotype
Pisum sativum
Pisum sativum - genetics
Plant biomass
Plant breeding
Plant Physiology
Seed set
Seeds - genetics
Subtropical climates
Temperature
Temperature effects
Thermotolerance
Tropical climates
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Summary:Field pea is highly sensitive to climatic vagaries, particularly high-temperature stress. The crop often experiences terminal heat stress in tropical climates indicating the need for the development of heat-tolerant cultivars. Characterization and identification of stress-adaptive plant traits are pre-requisites for breeding stress-tolerant/adaptive cultivar(s). In the study, a panel of 150 diverse field pea genotypes was tested under three different temperature environments (i.e., normal sowing time or non-heat stress environment (NSTE), 15 days after normal sowing time or heat stress environment-I (LSHTE-I), and 30 days after normal sowing time or heat stress environment-II (LSHTE-II)) to verify the effect of high-temperature environment, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction on different plant traits and to elucidate their significance in heat stress adaptation/tolerance. The delayed sowing had exposed field pea crops to high temperatures during flowering stage by + 3.5 °C and + 8.1 °C in the LSHTE-I and LSHTE-II, respectively. Likewise, the maximum ambient temperature during the grain-filling period was + 3.3 °C and + 6.1 °C higher in the LSHTE-I and LSHTE-II over the NSTE. The grain yield loss with heat stress was 25.8 ± 2.2% in LSHTE-I, and 59.3 ± 1.5% in LSHTE-II compared to the NSTE. Exposure of crops to a high-temperature environment during the flowering stage had a higher impact on grain yield than the heat stress at the grain filling period. Results suggested that the reduced sink capacity (pod set (pod plant −1 ), seed set (seed pod −1 )) was the primary cause of yield loss under the heat stress environments, while, under the NSTE, yield potential was mostly attributed to the source capacity (plant biomass). The high-temperature stress resulted in forced maturity as revealed by shrinkage in crop period (5–11%) and reproductive period (15–36%), prominently in long-duration genotypes. The failure of pod set in the upper nodes and higher ovule abortion (7–16%) was noticed under the high-temperature environments, particularly in the LSHTE-II. Multivariate analysis results revealed seed set, pods plant −1 , last pod bearing node, and plant biomass as a critical yield determinant under the heat stress. The GGE biplot suggested that the genotypes G-112, G-114, and G-33 had higher potential to sustain yield coupled with higher stability across the environments and, thus, could serve as a source for breeding heat-tolerant high yielding cultiv
ISSN:0020-7128
1432-1254
DOI:10.1007/s00484-022-02275-5