Carbon dots-based nanomaterials for fluorescent sensing of toxic elements in environmental samples: Strategies for enhanced performance

Rapid industrialization and manufacturing expansion have caused heavy metal pollution, which is a critical environmental issue faced by global population. In addition, the disadvantages presented by conventional detection methods such as the requirement of sophisticated instruments and qualified per...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2022-08, Vol.300, p.134515-134515, Article 134515
Main Authors: González-González, Reyna Berenice, Morales-Murillo, Martha Beatriz, Martínez-Prado, María Adriana, Melchor-Martínez, Elda M., Ahmed, Ishtiaq, Bilal, Muhammad, Parra-Saldívar, Roberto, Iqbal, Hafiz M.N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Element doping
Metal detection
Nanoparticles
Nanosensors
Surface passivation
Water remediation
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Summary:Rapid industrialization and manufacturing expansion have caused heavy metal pollution, which is a critical environmental issue faced by global population. In addition, the disadvantages presented by conventional detection methods such as the requirement of sophisticated instruments and qualified personnel have led to the development of novel nanosensors. Recently, carbon dots (CDs) have been presented as a multifunctional nanomaterial alternative for the accurate detection of heavy metal ions in water systems. The capacity of CDs to detect contaminants in wastewater –including heavy metals– can be found in the literature; however, to the best of our knowledge, none of them discusses the most recent strategies to enhance their performance. Therefore, in this review, beyond presenting successful examples of the use of CDs for the detection of metal ions, we further discuss the strategies to enhance their photoluminescence properties and their performance for environmental monitoring. In this manner, strategies such as heteroatom-doping and surface passivation are reviewed in detail, as well as describing the mechanisms and the effect of precursors and synthesis methods. Finally, the current challenges are described in detail to propose some recommendations for further research. [Display omitted] •Environmental pollution requires momentous efforts to clean the environment.•The trends in carbon dots-based nanomaterials as fluorescent sensing cues are given.•Sustainable detection strategies for toxic elements are discussed with examples.
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134515