Understanding the influence of electrolyte aging in electrochemical anodization of titanium

Titania nanotubes or nanopores self-ordered on electrochemically anodized (EA) titanium have been widely applied towards photocatalysis, solar cells, purification and biomedical implants. As a result, significant research has been focused towards optimizing anodization to fabricate controlled, stabl...

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Published in:Advances in colloid and interface science 2022-04, Vol.302, p.102615-102615, Article 102615
Main Authors: Gulati, Karan, Martinez, Ruben Del Olmo, Czerwiński, Mateusz, Michalska-Domańska, Marta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anodization
Electrodes
Electrolyte aging
Electrolytes - chemistry
Nanotubes - chemistry
Titania nanopores
Titania nanotubes
Titanium
Titanium - chemistry
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Summary:Titania nanotubes or nanopores self-ordered on electrochemically anodized (EA) titanium have been widely applied towards photocatalysis, solar cells, purification and biomedical implants. As a result, significant research has been focused towards optimizing anodization to fabricate controlled, stable and reproducible nanostructures. Among these, the use of organic-based electrolyte, like ethylene glycol (with NH4F and water), to anodize Ti has been widely applied and researched. Interestingly, among the various influencing EA factors, electrolyte aging (repeated EA using non-target Ti, prior to EA of target Ti substrate) has been underexplored, with only few studies aiming to optimize electrolyte aging and its influence on the nanostructures fabricated. Moreover, many research laboratories utilize electrolyte aging in Ti anodization, but this practice is seldom reported. In this extensive and pioneering review, we discuss and detail electrolyte aging in Ti anodization to fabricate controlled nanostructures, and its influence on nanostructure characteristics including morphology, chemistry, stability and application-specific performance. This review will inform future research aimed at optimizing electrolyte aging and Ti anodization to fabricate controlled nanostructures catering to specific application needs. [Display omitted] •Anodization of Ti enables fabrication of TiO2 nanostructures for varied applications•Electrolyte aging involves repeated use of same electrolyte prior to anodizing target Ti•Aging of organic electrolytes is routinely practised for Ti anodization but seldom reported•This review discusses and details the basics and advances in electrolyte aging•Influence of aging on the characteristics and performance of TiO2 nanotubes is discussed
ISSN:0001-8686
1873-3727
DOI:10.1016/j.cis.2022.102615