Anti‐inflammatory and anti‐aggregating effects of rangpur in the first trimester of growth: ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray mass spectrometry profile and quantification of hesperidin

BACKGROUND Citrus fruits are a rich source of valuable molecules, and their industrial processing produces bagasses, little explored to generate important by‐products. These Citrus residues, including seeds and peels, also contain numerous pharmacologically important substances. To reduce the impact...

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Published in:Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2022-08, Vol.102 (10), p.4151-4161
Main Authors: Lemos da Silva, Layzon A, Athayde, Amanda E, Moreira, Monalisa A, Tizziani, Tiago, Gkionis, Stephanie V, Silva, Lucas V, Biavatti, Maique W, Moraes, Ana Carolina R, Santos Nascimento, Marcus V P, Dalmarco, Eduardo M, Sandjo, Louis P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anti‐blood coagulation
anti‐inflammatory
anti‐platelet aggregation
Chlorogenic acid
Chromatography
Citrus fruits
Citrus limonia
Electrospraying
Esters
Flavonoids
Fruits
Functional foods & nutraceuticals
Hesperidin
Industrial production
Inflammation
Interleukin 6
Interleukins
Liquid chromatography
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Metabolites
Nitrogen oxides
Photochemicals
Pyrrolidine
Raw materials
Scientific imaging
Seeds
Spectroscopy
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Tumor necrosis factor-α
UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS
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Summary:BACKGROUND Citrus fruits are a rich source of valuable molecules, and their industrial processing produces bagasses, little explored to generate important by‐products. These Citrus residues, including seeds and peels, also contain numerous pharmacologically important substances. To reduce the impact of these Citrus by‐products, young, harvested fruits could be used as a functional supplemental food while another part is grown until maturity for industrial production. This study therefore aims to valorize rangpur (Citrus limonia) in the first 3 months of its growth by investigating and comparing its monthly chemical profiles using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray mass spectrometry (UPLC–ESI–MS) and its anti‐inflammatory and antiplatelet activity. RESULTS Extracts obtained from the fruits harvested in November, December, and January, 2017 and 2018 (L221117, L161217, and L160118) showed different UPLC–ESI–MS profiles. Twenty‐five of the 26 detected metabolites were identified as cyclitol, pyrrolidine betaine, aryl propanoyl esters, chlorogenic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, and limonoids. Quantification studies indicated an increased concentration of hesperidin from the younger fruits to the older fruits of the series. L160118 reduced nitrogen oxide (NOx), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and interleukin 6 (IL‐6) levels more than other extracts. Their activity followed the same trends as the hesperidin concentration in each fruit. In contrast, the most promising antiplatelet activity was observed with the extracts from the two youngest fruits. This suggests combined effects of the chemical components found in these fruits' extracts. CONCLUSION The extracts obtained from these young fruits showed considerable anti‐inflammatory and antiplatelet activity. Overall, young rangpur could be used as raw material to produce functional foods without producing any waste. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
ISSN:0022-5142
1097-0010
DOI:10.1002/jsfa.11764