Donor lymphocyte infusion after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia
Although haploidentical donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is a valid treatment option for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the incidence and risk factors for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and the efficacy of haploidentical DLI have not been fully evaluated. We retrospectively analyzed the out...
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Published in: | Annals of hematology 2022-03, Vol.101 (3), p.643-653 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | eng |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Although haploidentical donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is a valid treatment option for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the incidence and risk factors for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and the efficacy of haploidentical DLI have not been fully evaluated. We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes after haploidentical DLI for 84
patients
with AML using a nationwide database and additional questionnaires. The median number of DLI cycles and infused CD3
+
cell dose was 1 and 1.0 × 10
6
/kg, respectively. The infused CD3
+
cell count of 5.0 × 10
5
/kg or higher was associated with acute GVHD (grade II–IV, 32.1% vs. 10.5%,
p
= 0.03; grade III–IV, 21.4% vs. 5.3%,
p
= 0.10).
Patients
who developed grade III–IV acute GVHD more frequently succumbed to treatment-related mortality (46.7% vs. 15.8% at 1 year,
p
= 0.002), although the relapse-related mortality was significantly low (40.0% vs. 72.2% at 1 year,
p
= 0.025). The overall response to DLI was significantly higher in the preemptive DLI group (47.4%) than in the therapeutic group (13.9%,
p
= 0.002). In the multivariate analysis, preemptive DLI was the predictive factor for overall response (odds ratio, 5.58;
p
= 0.003). Our
results
indicated the substantial risk of acute GVHD after haploidentical DLI with CD3
+
cell count of 5.0×10
5
/kg or higher and the favorable outcomes after preemptive DLI. |
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ISSN: | 0939-5555 1432-0584 |