Materials-driven fibronectin assembly on nanoscale topography enhances mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, protecting cells from bacterial virulence factors and preventing biofilm formation

Post-operative infection is a major complication in patients recovering from orthopaedic surgery. As such, there is a clinical need to develop biomaterials for use in regenerative surgery that can promote mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteospecific differentiation and that can prevent infection caused...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomaterials 2022-01, Vol.280, p.121263-121263, Article 121263
Main Authors: Damiati, Laila A., Tsimbouri, Monica P., Hernandez, Virginia-Llopis, Jayawarna, Vineetha, Ginty, Mark, Childs, Peter, Xiao, Yinbo, Burgess, Karl, Wells, Julia, Sprott, Mark R., Meek, R.M. Dominic, Li, Peifeng, Oreffo, Richard O.C., Nobbs, Angela, Ramage, Gordon, Su, Bo, Salmeron-Sanchez, Manuel, Dalby, Matthew J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-bacterial
Bacterial Adhesion
Biofilms
Cell Adhesion
Cell Differentiation
Fibronectins - metabolism
Humans
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Multifunctional materials
Nanoscale coatings
Nanotopography
Osteogenesis
Virulence Factors - metabolism
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Summary:Post-operative infection is a major complication in patients recovering from orthopaedic surgery. As such, there is a clinical need to develop biomaterials for use in regenerative surgery that can promote mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteospecific differentiation and that can prevent infection caused by biofilm-forming pathogens. Nanotopographical approaches to pathogen control are being identified, including in orthopaedic materials such as titanium and its alloys. These topographies use high aspect ratio nanospikes or nanowires to prevent bacterial adhesion but these features also significantly reduce MSC adhesion and activity. Here, we use a poly (ethyl acrylate) (PEA) polymer coating on titanium nanowires to spontaneously organise fibronectin (FN) and to deliver bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) to enhance MSC adhesion and osteospecific signalling. Using a novel MSC–Pseudomonas aeruginosa co-culture, we show that the coated nanotopographies protect MSCs from cytotoxic quorum sensing and signalling molecules, enhance MSC adhesion and osteoblast differentiation and reduce biofilm formation. We conclude that the PEA polymer-coated nanotopography can both support MSCs and prevent pathogens from adhering to a biomaterial surface, thus protecting from biofilm formation and bacterial infection, and supporting osteogenic repair.
ISSN:0142-9612
1878-5905
DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121263