Th1 cytokine gene polymorphism and the corresponding plasma cytokine levels: A comparative study in HIV‐1 positive and exposed uninfected infants

The pro‐inflammatory (Th1) cytokines namely interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐6, IL‐12, interferon (IFN)‐γ, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) are vital in the clearance of HIV infection. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the polymorphisms of Th1 cytokine genes and their corresponding plasma cytokin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of medical virology 2022-02, Vol.94 (2), p.625-633
Main Authors: Chavan, Vijay, Ahir, Swati, Kerkar, Shilpa, Ansari, Zakia, Samant‐Mavani, Padmaja, Nanavati, Ruchi, Mehta, Preeti, Mania‐Pramanik, Jayanti
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
CD4 antigen
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Child
Child, Preschool
Comparative studies
cytokine genotyping
Cytokines
exposed uninfected
Female
Gene polymorphism
Genotype
Genotype & phenotype
Genotyping
HIV
HIV Seropositivity - blood
HIV Seropositivity - genetics
HIV Seropositivity - transmission
HIV-1 - physiology
HIV‐1
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infant
Infants
Inflammation
Interferon
Interferon-gamma - blood
Interferon-gamma - genetics
Interleukins
Kinetics
Linear Models
Lymphocytes T
Male
Plasma
Polymorphism
Polymorphism, Genetic
Prospective Studies
Reagents
Statistical analysis
Th1 Cells - metabolism
Th1 cytokines
Tumor necrosis factor
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Viral Load - drug effects
Virology
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Summary:The pro‐inflammatory (Th1) cytokines namely interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐6, IL‐12, interferon (IFN)‐γ, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) are vital in the clearance of HIV infection. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the polymorphisms of Th1 cytokine genes and their corresponding plasma cytokine levels in HIV‐1 positive and exposed uninfected (EU) infants born to HIV‐1 positive mothers. CD4 count, viral load of HIV‐1 positive mothers was done using commercially available reagents. Cytokine genotyping analysis and levels were done in 20 HIV‐1 positive and 54 EU infants. The polymorphisms of Th1 cytokines were done using the PCR‐SSP method. Plasma cytokine levels were estimated using Bio‐Plex‐Pro cytokine assay (BIO‐RAD; USA). Results revealed treatment status of the mothers and viral load were the two confounding factors having a significant effect on HIV status of the infant. TNF‐α GG genotype is significantly higher in EU infants as compared with HIV‐1 positive infants. GG genotype was associated with high TNF‐ α levels in HIV‐1 positive infants but the difference was not statistically significant. HIV‐1 positive infants with ‐IFN‐γ (+874) TT genotype was significantly associated with high IFN‐γ levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the role of Th1 cytokine gene polymorphisms and their corresponding plasma cytokine levels in HIV‐1 positive and EU infants from India.
ISSN:0146-6615
1096-9071
DOI:10.1002/jmv.27408