Adjuvant PD-L1 blockade in non-small-cell lung cancer

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.1 Surgical resection is the mainstay of therapy for patients with stage I–II and select stage IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In randomised studies, adjuvant chemotherapy improves overall survival, but the degree of bene...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Lancet (British edition) 2021-10, Vol.398 (10308), p.1281-1283
Main Author:	Gainor, Justin F
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	B7-H1 Antigen Cancer therapies Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - drug therapy Chemotherapy Humans Immune checkpoint Inhibitors Lung cancer Lung Neoplasms - drug therapy Metastasis Non-small cell lung carcinoma Patients PD-1 protein PD-L1 protein Population Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor Regulatory approval Small cell lung carcinoma Statistical analysis Survival Toxicity Tumors
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Summary:	Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.1 Surgical resection is the mainstay of therapy for patients with stage I–II and select stage IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In randomised studies, adjuvant chemotherapy improves overall survival, but the degree of benefit is modest, and treatment is associated with clinically significant toxicity.3 Until recently, progress in developing adjuvant therapies for NSCLC had been largely stagnant, which is in stark contrast with advanced NSCLC, where new therapeutics have been driven by the emergence of two treatment strategies: immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy.1 Immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeting PD-1 and its ligand (PD-L1), have since become the cornerstones of first-line therapy for patients with advanced NSCLC with no targetable alterations. Nonetheless, insights from the locally advanced, unresectable NSCLC setting suggest that prolongations in disease control might be clinically meaningful surrogates.6,7 The PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab was initially granted regulatory approval as consolidation therapy after definitive chemoradiation in unresectable stage III NSCLC based on improved progression-free survival.
ISSN:	0140-6736 1474-547X