Effects of fatty acid salts on fermentation characteristics, bacterial diversity and aerobic stability of mixed silage prepared with alfalfa, rice straw and wheat bran

BACKGROUND The objective was to determine effects of potassium diformate (PD), sodium diacetate (SD) and calcium propionate (CAP) on dynamics of microbial community, fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of silage comprised of a mixture of alfalfa (AF), rice straw (RS) and wheat bran (M...

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Published in:Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2022-03, Vol.102 (4), p.1475-1487
Main Authors: Mu, Lin, Wang, Qinglan, Cao, Xin, Zhang, Zhifei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abundance
Acetic acid
Additives
Alfalfa
Ammonia
Bacteria
Butyric acid
Calcium signalling
Carbohydrates
Dietary Fiber
Dominant species
Dynamic stability
fatty acid salts
Fatty acids
Fermentation
Hemicellulose
Lactic acid
Medicago sativa
microbial community
Microorganisms
mixed silages
Oryza
pH effects
Polyethylenes
Potassium
Propionic acid
Pseudomonas putida
Rice straw
Salts
Silage
Silage - analysis
Sodium diacetate
Straw
Wheat
Wheat bran
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Summary:BACKGROUND The objective was to determine effects of potassium diformate (PD), sodium diacetate (SD) and calcium propionate (CAP) on dynamics of microbial community, fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of silage comprised of a mixture of alfalfa (AF), rice straw (RS) and wheat bran (MF). Treatments included control (C), PD [5.5 g kg–1 fresh weight (FW)], SD (7 g kg–1 FW), and CAP (10 g kg–1 FW), which were ensiled for 1, 3, 5, 7, 15, 30 and 45 days in vacuum‐sealed polythene bags. RESULTS After day 1 of ensiling, the most dominant bacterial species in all silages was Weissella cibaria, whereas Lactobacillus parabrevis, L. nodensis, L. plantarum and L. paralimentarius were dominant species after 5 and 15 days of ensiling, and ultimately Pseudomonas putida and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia became dominant after 45 days. The positive correlation between PD and L. plantarum supported the lowest pH, butyric acid, ammonia nitrogen, neutral and acid detergent fiber, and hemicellulose content, and high water‐soluble carbohydrates and crude protein content in PD silage. In addition, SD and CAP enriched the abundance of L. parabrevis and mainly increased lactic acid (LA) and acetic acid (AA). CAP increased abundance of L. acetotolerans after 45 days of ensiling with more LA and AA than other treatments. CONCLUSIONS The succession of the bacterial community of mixed silage was modulated by the three fatty acid salts; furthermore, PD and CAP further improved fermentation quality by accelerating the decrease in pH and the increase in LA. The chemical additives prolonged the aerobic stability more than 16 days. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
ISSN:0022-5142
1097-0010
DOI:10.1002/jsfa.11482