Symmetry of bilateral hallux valgus deformity: A radiographic study

Hallux valgus (HV) is a common anatomical deformity leading to pain and difficulty with footwear and mobility. Bilateral HV deformity is much more common than unilateral although it remains unclear whether the severity of deformity is equal between feet. The objective was to investigate the severity...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2022-05, Vol.35 (4), p.414-420
Main Authors: Crooks, Sophie A, Lewis, Thomas L, Ray, Robbie, Gordon, David J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bilateral deformity
bunion
Feet
Foot
Footwear
forefoot disorders
hallux
hallux valgus
Hallux Valgus - diagnostic imaging
Hallux Valgus - surgery
hallux valgus angle
Humans
intermetatarsal angle
Metatarsal Bones - surgery
Patients
radiographic measurement
Radiography
Retrospective Studies
severity
Statistical analysis
Surgery
symmetrical deformity
Symmetry
Treatment Outcome
Weight-Bearing
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Summary:Hallux valgus (HV) is a common anatomical deformity leading to pain and difficulty with footwear and mobility. Bilateral HV deformity is much more common than unilateral although it remains unclear whether the severity of deformity is equal between feet. The objective was to investigate the severity and symmetry of HV in patients with bilateral symptomatic deformity presenting for surgery. Weight‐bearing radiographs of patients presenting with symptomatic bilateral HV were reviewed. The hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA) were measured and classified as mild, moderate, or severe. Left‐to‐right comparison was undertaken to assess whether the degree of deformity was similar for each foot. The relationship between age, HVA, and IMA was also assessed. Between July 2014 and June 2020, 322 ft (161 patients with bilateral deformity) underwent corrective HV surgery. Of those, 6.8%, 64.6%, and 28.4% were classified as mild, moderate, and severe, respectively on the left side, and on the right 6.2%, 67.7%, and 26.1% were classified as mild, moderate, and severe respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between feet for either IMA (p = 0.06) or HVA (p = 0.85). There was a moderate correlation (R = 0.41, p ≤ 0.001) between HVA and IMA. There was only a ‘weak’ or ‘very weak’ correlation between age and HVA or IMA. Patients presenting for surgery with symptomatic bilateral HV have symmetrical moderate radiographic deformity at the time they present for consideration of surgical intervention.
ISSN:0897-3806
1098-2353
DOI:10.1002/ca.23772