Larvicidal potential of cell wall degrading enzymes from Trichoderma asperellum against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Aedes aegypti is a mosquito vector of arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, zika and yellow fever that cause important public health diseases. The incidence and gravity of these diseases justifies the search for effective measures to reduce the presence of this vector in the environment. Bioinsec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biotechnology progress 2021-09, Vol.37 (5), p.e3182-n/a
Main Authors: Silveira, Alexsander Augusto, Andrade, Jackeline Santana Paula, Guissoni, Ana Carla Peixoto, Costa, Adeliane Castro, Carvalho e Silva, Arthur, Silva, Heloisa Garcia, Brito, Pedro, Souza, Guilherme Rocha Lino, Fernandes, Kátia Flávia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aedes - drug effects
Aedes aegypti
Animals
Biodegradability
Biodegradation
Biomolecules
Cell Wall - metabolism
Cell walls
Cellular structure
Chitin
Chitin - metabolism
Chitinase
chitinolytic enzymes
Degradation
Dengue fever
Ecological effects
Enzymes
Exoskeleton
Exoskeletons
Exposure
Fungal Proteins - chemistry
Fungal Proteins - pharmacology
Fungi
Hypocreales - enzymology
Insect control
Insect ecology
Insecticides
Insecticides - chemistry
Insecticides - pharmacology
Insects
Larva - drug effects
Larvae
larvicidal activity
Microscopy
Mortality
Mosquitoes
Public health
Scanning electron microscopy
Transmission electron microscopy
Trichoderma asperellum
Vector-borne diseases
Yellow fever
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Summary:Aedes aegypti is a mosquito vector of arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, zika and yellow fever that cause important public health diseases. The incidence and gravity of these diseases justifies the search for effective measures to reduce the presence of this vector in the environment. Bioinsecticides are an effective alternative method for insect control, with added ecological benefits such as biodegradability. The current study demonstrates that a chitinolytic enzyme complex produced by the fungus Trichoderma asperellum can disrupt cuticle formation in the L3 larvae phase of A. aegypti, suggesting such biolarvicidal action could be used for mosquito control. T. asperellum was exposed to chitin from different sources. This induction of cell wall degrading enzymes, including chitinase, N‐acetylglucosaminidase and β‐1,3‐glucanase. Groups of 20 L3 larvae of A. aegypti were exposed to varying concentrations of chitinolytic enzymes induced with commercial chitin (CWDE) and larvae cell wall degrading enzymes (L‐CWDE). After 72 h of exposure to the CWDE, 100% of larvae were killed. The same percent mortality was observed after 48 h of exposure to L‐CWDE at half the CWDE enzyme mixture concentration. Exoskeleton deterioration was further observed by scanning and electron microscopy. Our findings indicate that L‐CWDE produced by T. asperellum reflect chitinolytic enzymes with greater specificity for L3 larval biomolecules. This specificity is characterized by the high percentage of mortality compared with CWDE treatments and also by abrupt changes in patterns of the cellular structures visualized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. These mixtures of chitinolytic enzymes could be candidates, as adjuvant or synergistic molecules, to replace conventional chemical insecticides currently in use.
ISSN:8756-7938
1520-6033
DOI:10.1002/btpr.3182