Combined use of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine in low doses exhibits marked anti-obesity synergy through regulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine constitute the most effective ingredients of weight loss in tea. However, whether combination of EGCG and caffeine exhibits anti-obesity synergy remains unclear. Here, we showed low-doses of EGCG and caffeine used in combination led to synergistic anti-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food & function 2021-05, Vol.12 (9), p.415-4116
Main Authors: Zhu, Ming-zhi, Zhou, Fang, Ouyang, Jian, Wang, Qi-ye, Li, Yi-long, Wu, Jian-lin, Huang, Jian-an, Liu, Zhong-hua
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetic acid
Bile
Body weight loss
Caffeine
Digestive system
Digestive tract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate
Hydrolase
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Liver
Metabolism
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Obesity
Propionic acid
Synergistic effect
Tea
Weight control
Weight loss
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Summary:Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine constitute the most effective ingredients of weight loss in tea. However, whether combination of EGCG and caffeine exhibits anti-obesity synergy remains unclear. Here, we showed low-doses of EGCG and caffeine used in combination led to synergistic anti-obesity effects equivalent to those of high-dose EGCG. Furthermore, combination treatment exhibited a synergistic effect on altering gut microbiota, including decreased Firmicutes level and increased Bifidobacterium level. Other notable effects of combination treatment included synergistic effects on: increasing fecal acetic acid, propionic acid, and total SCFAs; decreasing expression of GPR43; and increasing microbial bile salt hydrolase gene copies in the gut, facilitating generation of unconjugated BAs and enhancing fecal BA loss. Additionally, combination treatment demonstrated synergistic effects toward increasing the expression of hepatic TGR5 and decreasing the expression of intestinal FXR-FGF15, resulting in increased expression of hepatic CYP7A1. Thus, the synergistic effect may be attributed to regulation of gut microbiota and BA metabolism. Combined use of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine in low doses exhibits marked anti-obesity synergy. The synergistic effect may be attributed to regulation of gut microbiota and BA metabolism.
ISSN:2042-6496
2042-650X
DOI:10.1039/d0fo01768j