Chickpea Extract Ameliorates Metabolic Syndrome Symptoms via Restoring Intestinal Ecology and Metabolic Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Scope Chickpeas have been recognized as a natural Uyghur medicine in Xinjiang (China) for 2500 years. Although the phenotypic effect on obesity or diabetes was authenticated, the mechanism was unclear. This work aims to study the effect of chickpea extract (CE) on metabolic syndrome induced by type...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular nutrition & food research 2021-07, Vol.65 (13), p.e2100007-n/a
Main Authors: Li, Pei, Lu, Biyu, Gong, Jing, Li, Lin, Chen, Guoping, Zhang, Jiaxian, Chen, Yongda, Tian, Xing, Han, Bo, Guo, Yake, Xie, Zhiyong, Liao, Qiongfeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
16S rRNA gene sequencing
Amino acids
Animals
Bacteria
Bile acids
Biodegradation
Carbohydrate metabolism
Carbohydrates
Cecum
chickpea extract
Chickpeas
Cicer - chemistry
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diet, High-Fat
Dietary supplements
Dysbacteriosis
Dysbiosis - drug therapy
Flora
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects
Gene sequencing
gut microbiota
High fat diet
Hyperglycemia
Inflammation
Insulin Resistance
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Intestines - microbiology
Metabolic disorders
Metabolic syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome - drug therapy
metabolites
Metabolome
Metabolomics
Metformin
Microbiomes
Microbiota
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Prebiotics
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Rodents
rRNA 16S
Streptozocin
type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Summary:Scope Chickpeas have been recognized as a natural Uyghur medicine in Xinjiang (China) for 2500 years. Although the phenotypic effect on obesity or diabetes was authenticated, the mechanism was unclear. This work aims to study the effect of chickpea extract (CE) on metabolic syndrome induced by type 2 diabetes and to reveal its related mechanisms, focusing on intestinal flora and metabolomics. Methods and results Diabetic rats are induced by a high‐fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. CE supplementation (3 g kg−1) for 4 weeks improved the hyperglycemia, inflammatory state, and organ functions of diabetic rats. The metabolic profile trajectories of urine and faeces obtained by NMR have good separations among all groups, and CE significantly increases the contents of SCFAs in the cecum. Moreover, CE relieves intestinal dysbiosis by increasing the abundance of SCFAs‐producing bacteria (e.g., Enterococcaceae) but reduces conditional pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Corynebacterium). PICRUSt predicts the functions of gut microbiome from the 16S rRNA gene sequences and metagenome, and finds that CE restored amino acids degradation, bile acids metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusion This study elucidates the role of CE from the perspective of metabolomics and the microbiota, which provides evidence for chickpea as a prebiotic to prevent diabetes. The supplementation of chickpea extract slows down the development of diabetes induced by a high‐fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin via regulating gut microbiota and metabolic profile.
ISSN:1613-4125
1613-4133
DOI:10.1002/mnfr.202100007