Animal models of pulmonary hypertension: Getting to the heart of the problem

Despite recent therapeutic advances, pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains a fatal disease due to the development of right ventricular (RV) failure. At present, no treatments targeted at the right ventricle are available, and RV function is not widely considered in the preclinical assessment of new th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of pharmacology 2022-03, Vol.179 (5), p.811-837
Main Authors: Dignam, Joshua P., Scott, Tara E., Kemp‐Harper, Barbara K., Hobbs, Adrian J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Animals
Cardiovascular diseases
chronic hypoxia
Disease Models, Animal
Heart
Heart Failure
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension, Pulmonary - drug therapy
Hypoxia
Monocrotaline
Pathophysiology
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary Artery
pulmonary artery banding
Pulmonary hypertension
right ventricular failure
right ventricular hypertrophy
Structure-function relationships
SU5416
Ventricle
Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - drug therapy
Ventricular Function, Right
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Summary:Despite recent therapeutic advances, pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains a fatal disease due to the development of right ventricular (RV) failure. At present, no treatments targeted at the right ventricle are available, and RV function is not widely considered in the preclinical assessment of new therapeutics. Several small animal models are used in the study of PH, including the classic models of exposure to either hypoxia or monocrotaline, newer combinational and genetic models, and pulmonary artery banding, a surgical model of pure RV pressure overload. These models reproduce selected features of the structural remodelling and functional decline seen in patients and have provided valuable insight into the pathophysiology of RV failure. However, significant reversal of remodelling and improvement in RV function remains a therapeutic obstacle. Emerging animal models will provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms governing the transition from adaptive remodelling to a failing right ventricle, aiding the hunt for druggable molecular targets. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed issue on Preclinical Models for Cardiovascular disease research (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.5/issuetoc
ISSN:0007-1188
1476-5381
DOI:10.1111/bph.15444