The effect of changes in fundamental skill complexity on upper limb loading and biomechanical characteristics of performance in female gymnastics

Aims of this study were to investigate if changes in elbow and wrist joints loading and biomechanical characteristics of performance existed as a function of (a) different hand placement and (b) fundamental skills development in female gymnastics. Ten female gymnasts performed 54 successful trials o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sports biomechanics 2024-05, Vol.23 (5), p.567-581
Main Authors: Brtva, Pavel, Irwin, Gareth, Farana, Roman
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomechanical Phenomena
Biomechanics
coaching
Elbow
Elbow Joint
Female
Females
Gymnastics
Gymnastics - injuries
Hand
Human movement
Humans
injury prevention
Mechanical properties
Risk factors
Skills
training process
Upper Extremity
Wrist
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Summary:Aims of this study were to investigate if changes in elbow and wrist joints loading and biomechanical characteristics of performance existed as a function of (a) different hand placement and (b) fundamental skills development in female gymnastics. Ten female gymnasts performed 54 successful trials of round-off skills (cartwheel [18], round-off [18], round-off to back handspring [18]), with three different hand positions (parallel, T-shape and reverse). Kinematic and kinetic data were collected for each trial. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyse the injury risk factors. Findings of the current study showed that an increase in RO skill difficulty level significantly influences the mechanical load on the upper extremities. With the increase in mechanical load on the upper extremities during the reverse and parallel hand positions, this study suggests that that T-shape hand position should be used as the primary technique for the young female. Differences in vertical velocity from touchdown to take-off between the three hand positions for the RO and RO-BH suggested that the reverse position was less effective for young female gymnasts. The findings of the current study demonstrated no clear performance benefits between hand position selection.
ISSN:1476-3141
1752-6116
DOI:10.1080/14763141.2021.1876755