Recent advances in polyphenols improving vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by endogenous toxicity

Endothelial dysfunction is the early marker and precursor for the development of a series of vascular disease. Epidemiologic and experimental evidences have suggested that regular consumptions of polyphenol rich extracts or individual phenolic compounds both improve endothelial function. The present...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied toxicology 2021-05, Vol.41 (5), p.701-712
Main Authors: Xie, Yixi, Wang, Hui, He, Zhiyou
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants - pharmacology
antioxidation
anti‐inflammation
Biocompatibility
endogenous toxicity
endothelial dysfunction
Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects
Epidemiology
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - drug effects
Humans
In vivo methods and tests
Nitric Oxide
Phenolic compounds
Phenols
Phenols - pharmacology
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Polyphenols
Polyphenols - pharmacology
Toxicity
Vascular diseases
Vascular Diseases - physiopathology
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Summary:Endothelial dysfunction is the early marker and precursor for the development of a series of vascular disease. Epidemiologic and experimental evidences have suggested that regular consumptions of polyphenol rich extracts or individual phenolic compounds both improve endothelial function. The present review concludes the recent advances in the protective effects of polyphenol‐rich extracts and individual phenolic compounds on the endothelial function. The vascular protective benefits of polyphenol have been well established with so many in vitro and in vivo studies. The mechanisms underlying the protection actions have also been elucidated much. Further studies may lay efforts on understanding the controversies among results from different assays, exploring deeper and more comprehensive mechanisms, elaborating the structure–activity relationship, and improving the safety evaluation research. Polyphenols can alleviate various diseases inducing endothelial dysfunction such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, gout and myocarditis. They also can directly replace some functions of nitric oxide which plays key roles in maintaining the normal physiological functions of the blood vessels. The versatile biological activities endow polyphenols with great potential in the prevention and treatment of endothelial dysfuction related diseases.
ISSN:0260-437X
1099-1263
DOI:10.1002/jat.4123