Patient-derived tumour models for personalized therapeutics in urological cancers

Preclinical knowledge of dysregulated pathways and potential biomarkers for urological cancers has undergone limited translation into the clinic. Moreover, the low approval rate of new anticancer drugs and the heterogeneous drug responses in patients indicate that current preclinical models do not a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature reviews. Urology 2021-01, Vol.18 (1), p.33-45
Main Authors: van de Merbel, Arjanneke F, van der Horst, Geertje, van der Pluijm, Gabri
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use
Biomarkers
Biopsy
Bladder cancer
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Cell culture
Cell Culture Techniques - methods
Cell Line, Transformed
Clinical Trials as Topic - methods
Diagnosis
Disease
Disease Models, Animal
Drugs
Examinations
Humans
Oncology
Patients
Precision medicine
Precision Medicine - methods
Prostate cancer
Tumors
Urinary tract cancer
Urine
Urologic Neoplasms - pathology
Urologic Neoplasms - therapy
Urology
Validity
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays - methods
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Summary:Preclinical knowledge of dysregulated pathways and potential biomarkers for urological cancers has undergone limited translation into the clinic. Moreover, the low approval rate of new anticancer drugs and the heterogeneous drug responses in patients indicate that current preclinical models do not always reflect the complexity of malignant disease. Patient-derived tumour models used in preclinical uro-oncology research include 3D culture systems, organotypic tissue slices and patient-derived xenograft models. Technological innovations have enabled major improvements in the capacity of these tumour models to reproduce the clinical complexity of urological cancers. Each type of patient-derived model has inherent advantages and limitations that can be exploited, either alone or in combination, to gather specific knowledge on clinical challenges and address unmet clinical needs. Nevertheless, few opportunities exist for patients with urological cancers to benefit from personalized therapeutic approaches. Clinical validation of experimental data is needed to facilitate the translation and implementation of preclinical knowledge into treatment decision making.
ISSN:1759-4812
1759-4820
DOI:10.1038/s41585-020-00389-2