Hypoglycemic effects and mechanism of different molecular weights of konjac glucomannans in type 2 diabetic rats

Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a hypoglycemic polysaccharide with a wide range of molecular weights. But study on hypoglycemic effects of KGMs relate to molecular weight is limited. In this study, KGMs with high and medium molecular weights, and the degraded KGMs were analyzed with physicochemical prop...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of biological macromolecules 2020-12, Vol.165 (Pt B), p.2231-2243
Main Authors: Deng, Jie, Zhong, Jing, Long, Jin, Zou, Xiaoying, Wang, Da, Song, Ya, Zhou, Kai, Liang, Yuxuan, Huang, Riming, Wei, Xiaoqun, Li, Meiying, Sun, Yuanming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomarkers - metabolism
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Body Weight - drug effects
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - pathology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - pathology
Drinking Behavior - drug effects
Fasting - blood
Feces - microbiology
Feeding Behavior - drug effects
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 - metabolism
Glucose Tolerance Test
Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology
Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use
Hypoglycemic effect
Insulin Resistance
Konjac glucomannan
Lipids - blood
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Male
Mannans - pharmacology
Mannans - therapeutic use
Molecular Weight
Multivariate Analysis
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Phylogeny
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Scattering, Radiation
Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
X-Ray Diffraction
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a hypoglycemic polysaccharide with a wide range of molecular weights. But study on hypoglycemic effects of KGMs relate to molecular weight is limited. In this study, KGMs with high and medium molecular weights, and the degraded KGMs were analyzed with physicochemical properties, hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms. Results showed that as the molecular weight KGMs decreased, the viscosity decreased, molecular flexibility increased, while chemical groups, crystal structures and main chains showed little change. KGMs with medium molecular weights (KGM-M1, KGM-M2) showed better effects on increasing body weight, decreasing levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and enhancing integrity of pancreas and colon, than KGMs with high or low molecular weights (KGM-H, KGM-L) in type 2 diabetic rats. Mechanism analysis suggested that KGM-M1 and KGM-M2 had higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities on elevating superoxide dismutase, decreasing malondialdehyde and tumor necrosis factor-α levels. Moreover, KGM-M1 and KGM-M2 increased gut microbiota diversity, Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and Muribaculaceae, decreased Romboutsia and Klebsiella, and improved 6 diabetic related metabolites. Combined, KGM-M1 and KGM-M2 showed higher hypoglycemic effects, due to regulatory activities of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, intestinal microbiota, and relieved metabolic disorders. •Viscosity reduced and chain flexibility raised with molecular weight KGMs decreased.•Chemical groups, crystal structures and main chains of KGMs showed little change.•KGM-M1 and KGM-M2 displayed higher hypoglycemic effects than KGM-H and KGM-L.•KGM-M1 and KGM-M2 mitigated oxidative stress and inflammation better.•KGM-M1 and KGM-M2 regulated gut microbiota and serum metabolites more effective.
ISSN:0141-8130
1879-0003
DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.021