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Electrical Impedance Tomography for monitoring cardiac radiofrequency ablation: a scoping review of an emerging technology
•The patient's CT scans and the catheter location mapping are beneficial to the Electrical Impedance Tomography.•The Electrical Impedance Tomography ablation signal can be expected to be a few to tens of mV.•Efficient solutions were found for treating almost noises except for the cardiac moveme...
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| Published in: | Medical engineering & physics 2020-10, Vol.84, p.36-50 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | •The patient's CT scans and the catheter location mapping are beneficial to the Electrical Impedance Tomography.•The Electrical Impedance Tomography ablation signal can be expected to be a few to tens of mV.•Efficient solutions were found for treating almost noises except for the cardiac movement.•Electrical Impedance Tomography's promising results and improvements were found in Hyperthermia and other ablations.•In conclusion, Electrical Impedance Tomography is a promising solution for the lesion monitoring.
Arrhythmias are common cardiac diseases which can be treated effectively by the cardiac radiofrequency ablation (CRFA). However, information regarding the lesion growth within the myocardium is critical to the procedure's safety and efficacy but still unavailable in the current catheterisation lab (CathLab). Over the last 20 years, many efforts have been made in order to track the lesion size during the procedure. Unfortunately, all the approaches have their own limitations preventing them from the clinical translation and hence making the lesion size monitoring during a CRFA still an open issue. Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is an impedance imaging modality that might be able to image the thermal-related impedance changes from which the lesion size can be measured. With the availability of the patient's CT scans, for a detailed model, and the catheter-based electrodes for the internal electrodes, EIT accuracy and sensitivity to the ablated sites can be significantly improved and is worth being explored for this application. Though EIT is still new to CRFA with no in-vivo experiments being done according to our up-to-date searching, many related EIT studies and its extensive research in Hyperthermia and other ablations can reveal many hints for a possibility of the CRFA-EIT application. In this paper, we present a review on multiple aspects of EIT in CRFA. First, the expected CRFA-EIT signal range and frequency are discussed based on various measured impedance results obtained from lesions in the past. Second, the possible noise sources that can happen in a clinical CRFA procedure, along with their signal range and frequency compared to the CRFA-EIT signal, and, third, the available current solutions to separate such noises from the CRFA-EIT signal. Finally, we review the progress of EIT in thermal applications over the last two decades in order to identify the developments that EIT can take advantage of and the current drawbacks that need to b |
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| ISSN: | 1350-4533 1873-4030 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.07.025 |