Multifocal adult rhabdomyoma of the head and neck: case report and systematic review of the literature

Adult-type rhabdomyoma (ARM) is the most frequent extracardiac subtype of rhabdomyoma. In very rare instances ARM presents as multiple cervical lesions, an entity known as multifocal ARM. The aim of this study was to review the clinical characteristics and the best therapeutic options for multifocal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery 2021-03, Vol.50 (3), p.327-334
Main Authors: Khalaf, M.G., Haddad, R., Akiki, M., Khazen, J., Melkane, A.E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Dentistry
Female
head
Head and Neck Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Head and Neck Neoplasms - surgery
Humans
Male
multifocal
neck
rhabdomyoma
Rhabdomyoma - diagnostic imaging
Rhabdomyoma - surgery
surgery
systematic review
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Summary:Adult-type rhabdomyoma (ARM) is the most frequent extracardiac subtype of rhabdomyoma. In very rare instances ARM presents as multiple cervical lesions, an entity known as multifocal ARM. The aim of this study was to review the clinical characteristics and the best therapeutic options for multifocal ARM. The case of a 73-year-old patient recently diagnosed with multifocal ARM and managed in our institution is reported, followed by a systematic review of the literature. The review was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, according to the PRISMA guidelines. All case reports and case series related to multifocal ARM written in English or French were included. A total of 29 cases were included in the qualitative analysis. Mean age at presentation was 65.0 years and the male to female ratio was 13.5:1. Dysphagia was the most common presenting symptom. ARM was most frequently found in the submandibular spaces. In conclusion, multifocal ARM are benign tumours with a predilection for the head and neck region. They become symptomatic with gradual compression of the adjacent structures. No cases of malignant transformation were reported in the literature. We suggest a ‘watchful wait’ approach for small asymptomatic tumours and excision of large symptomatic ones.
ISSN:0901-5027
1399-0020
DOI:10.1016/j.ijom.2020.07.018