Antagonistic regulation of the gibberellic acid response during stem growth in rice

The size of plants is largely determined by growth of the stem. Stem elongation is stimulated by gibberellic acid 1 – 3 . Here we show that internode stem elongation in rice is regulated antagonistically by an ‘accelerator’ and a ‘decelerator’ in concert with gibberellic acid. Expression of a gene w...

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Published in:Nature (London) 2020-08, Vol.584 (7819), p.109-114
Main Authors: Nagai, Keisuke, Mori, Yoshinao, Ishikawa, Shin, Furuta, Tomoyuki, Gamuyao, Rico, Niimi, Yoko, Hobo, Tokunori, Fukuda, Moyuri, Kojima, Mikiko, Takebayashi, Yumiko, Fukushima, Atsushi, Himuro, Yasuyo, Kobayashi, Masatomo, Ackley, Wataru, Hisano, Hiroshi, Sato, Kazuhiro, Yoshida, Aya, Wu, Jianzhong, Sakakibara, Hitoshi, Sato, Yutaka, Tsuji, Hiroyuki, Akagi, Takashi, Ashikari, Motoyuki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
13/1
13/44
13/51
13/89
14/19
14/34
38/22
38/23
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38/77
38/90
45/41
631/449/1741/1521
631/449/2653
631/449/711
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Acclimatization
Acids
Biosynthesis
Cell division
Chromosomes
Deceleration
Deep water
Elongation
Gene expression
Genes
Genetic analysis
Genetic diversity
Gibberellic acid
Gibberellins - metabolism
Humanities and Social Sciences
Lodging
multidisciplinary
Mutation
Oryza - genetics
Oryza - growth & development
Oryza - metabolism
Plant Growth Regulators - metabolism
Plant Proteins - genetics
Plant Proteins - metabolism
Plant Stems - genetics
Plant Stems - growth & development
Plant Stems - metabolism
Quantitative Trait Loci
Regulation
Rice
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Signal Transduction
Stems
Zinc finger proteins
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Summary:The size of plants is largely determined by growth of the stem. Stem elongation is stimulated by gibberellic acid 1 – 3 . Here we show that internode stem elongation in rice is regulated antagonistically by an ‘accelerator’ and a ‘decelerator’ in concert with gibberellic acid. Expression of a gene we name ACCELERATOR OF INTERNODE ELONGATION 1 ( ACE1 ), which encodes a protein of unknown function, confers cells of the intercalary meristematic region with the competence for cell division, leading to internode elongation in the presence of gibberellic acid. By contrast, upregulation of DECELERATOR OF INTERNODE ELONGATION 1 ( DEC1 ), which encodes a zinc-finger transcription factor, suppresses internode elongation, whereas downregulation of DEC1 allows internode elongation. We also show that the mechanism of internode elongation that is mediated by ACE1 and DEC1 is conserved in the Gramineae family. Furthermore, an analysis of genetic diversity suggests that mutations in ACE1 and DEC1 have historically contributed to the selection of shorter plants in domesticated populations of rice to increase their resistance to lodging, and of taller plants in wild species of rice for adaptation to growth in deep water. Our identification of these antagonistic regulatory factors enhances our understanding of the gibberellic acid response as an additional mechanism that regulates internode elongation and environmental fitness, beyond biosynthesis and gibberellic acid signal transduction. Stem growth in rice is regulated by an accelerator gene and a decelerator gene in parallel with gibberellic acid, and the opposite selection of these genes has led to adaptations to different environments.
ISSN:0028-0836
1476-4687
DOI:10.1038/s41586-020-2501-8