Optical coherence tomography in adult adrenoleukodystrophy: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study

Background Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) encompasses different neurological phenotypes, ranging from the most severe cerebral forms (C-ALD) to the less severe adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN). As visual system can be varyingly involved, we aimed at exploring whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) may de...

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Published in:	Neurological sciences 2021, Vol.42 (1), p.235-241
Main Authors:	Bianchi-Marzoli, Stefania, Fenu, Silvia, Melzi, Lisa, Benzoni, Chiara, Antonazzo, Filippo, Tomas Roldan, Eugenia, Farina, Laura, Tremolada, Gemma, Mauro, Elena, Pensato, Viviana, Gellera, Cinzia, Pareyson, Davide, Salsano, Ettore
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adrenoleukodystrophy Adrenoleukodystrophy - diagnostic imaging Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Humans Longitudinal Studies Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Nerve Fibers Neurology Neuroradiology Neurosurgery Original Article Phenotypes Psychiatry Retina Retinal Ganglion Cells Statistical analysis Substantia alba Thinning Tomography Tomography, Optical Coherence Visual system
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Summary:	Background Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) encompasses different neurological phenotypes, ranging from the most severe cerebral forms (C-ALD) to the less severe adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN). As visual system can be varyingly involved, we aimed at exploring whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) may detect retinal abnormalities and their longitudinal changes in adult ALD patients. Methods In this cross-sectional and longitudinal study, we measured the thicknesses of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC), and segmented inner and outer macula at baseline and their changes over time in 11 symptomatic adult ALD males and 10 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Statistical analyses were performed for the patients as complete group, and splitting them into two subgroups, one (C-ALD) with and the other (AMN) without cerebral parieto-occipital white matter (WM) lesions. Results In the complete ALD group and in the C-ALD subgroup, the average pRNFL, mGCC, and inner macula were significantly thinner than in controls ( p ≤ 0.01), whereas in the AMN subgroup, they were constantly, though non-significantly, thinner. Significant outer macula thinning was also observed ( p
ISSN:	1590-1874 1590-3478