The clinical significance of fungi in atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases and is caused by multiple factors including genetic factors, skin barrier defects, host immune responses, allergen sensitivity, environmental effects, and infections. Commonly, bacterial and viral infections are pres...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of dermatology 2020-08, Vol.59 (8), p.926-935
Main Authors: Thammahong, Arsa, Kiatsurayanon, Chanisa, Edwards, Steven W., Rerknimitr, Pawinee, Chiewchengchol, Direkrit
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergens
Atopic dermatitis
Clinical significance
Dermatitis
Environmental effects
Epidemiology
Fungal infections
Fungi
Genetic factors
Immune response
Infections
Lesions
Pathogenesis
Patients
Signs and symptoms
Skin diseases
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Summary:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases and is caused by multiple factors including genetic factors, skin barrier defects, host immune responses, allergen sensitivity, environmental effects, and infections. Commonly, bacterial and viral infections are present in the eczematous lesions of AD patients and clearly aggravate the symptoms. However, studies of fungal infections in AD are limited in spite of the fact that there are reports showing that Malassezia, Candida, and some dermatophytes can affect the symptoms of AD. Moreover, certain fungal infections are sometimes overlooked and need to be considered particularly in AD patients with treatment failure as clinical features of those fungal infections could mimic eczematous lesions in AD. Here, we review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and overlooked features of fungal infections associated with the symptoms of AD including the diagnosis and effectiveness of fungal treatments in AD patients.
ISSN:0011-9059
1365-4632
DOI:10.1111/ijd.14941