Central Sensitization in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Disorders in Different Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract Objective Chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders (CMPDs) are among the leading causes of disabilities across populations, resulting in high social and financial burden. This persistent pain condition may include the central sensitization (CS) phenomenon, which implies a wide range of sympto...

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Published in:Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) Mass.), 2020-11, Vol.21 (11), p.2958-2963
Main Authors: Roldán-Jiménez, Cristina, Pérez-Cruzado, David, Neblett, Randy, Gatchel, Robert, Cuesta-Vargas, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age groups
Back pain
Body mass index
Central Nervous System Sensitization
Chronic pain
Chronic Pain - epidemiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Decision making
Diagnosis
Female
Gender
Gender differences
Humans
Low back pain
Male
Musculoskeletal diseases
Musculoskeletal Pain - diagnosis
Musculoskeletal Pain - epidemiology
Neck pain
Neurological research
Population studies
Sensitization (Psychophysiology)
Surveys and Questionnaires
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Summary:Abstract Objective Chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders (CMPDs) are among the leading causes of disabilities across populations, resulting in high social and financial burden. This persistent pain condition may include the central sensitization (CS) phenomenon, which implies a wide range of symptoms and that may be taken into account in CMPD treatment. CS symptoms can be measured by the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI). The aims of the study were to describe CS symptoms in patients suffering from several CMPDs and to analyze differences due to gender, age, and body mass index (BMI). Design This cross-sectional study recruited a total of 395 Spanish participants suffering from several CMPDs. Setting CS symptoms were measured with the Spanish Version of the CSI. The total score (0–100) and a cutoff score of 40 were recorded. Subjects A total of 395 participants were included. Results The mean CSI total score for the whole sample was 24.6 ± 12.0 points. CSI total score had subclinical values in the whole sample, whereas participants with scores >40 were found across different CMPDs, such as low back pain (37.8%) and neck pain (32.4%); 14.6% of females and 1.7% of males presented CSI scores >40. Patients showed significant differences in CSI cutoff point by gender (P = 0.010) and CSI total score by age (P = 0.014). Conclusions Given the high prevalence of clinically relevant CSI scores (>40) in people with a CMPD, especially low back pain and neck pain, we recommend that clinicians supplement their assessment with the CSI for improved decision-making during treatment.
ISSN:1526-2375
1526-4637
DOI:10.1093/pm/pnaa069