Fabrication and cellular interactions of nanoporous tantalum oxide

Tantalum possesses remarkable chemical and mechanical properties, and thus it is considered to be one of the next generation implant materials. However, the biological properties of tantalum remain to be improved for its use in tissue engineering applications. To enhance its cellular interactions, i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials Applied biomaterials, 2020-10, Vol.108 (7), p.2743-2753
Main Authors: Uslu, Ece, Öztatlı, Hayriye, Garipcan, Bora, Ercan, Batur
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anodization
Anodizing
Biological activity
Biological properties
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Electrochemistry
Electrolytic cells
Fabrication
fibroblast
Materials research
Materials science
Mechanical properties
Morphology
nanoporous surface
Sulfuric acid
Surface layers
Surgical implants
Tantalum
Tantalum oxides
Tissue engineering
topography
Transplants & implants
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Summary:Tantalum possesses remarkable chemical and mechanical properties, and thus it is considered to be one of the next generation implant materials. However, the biological properties of tantalum remain to be improved for its use in tissue engineering applications. To enhance its cellular interactions, implants made of tantalum could be modified to obtain nanofeatured surfaces via the electrochemical anodization process. In this study, anodization parameters were adjusted to obtain a nanoporous surface morphology on tantalum surfaces and systematically altered to control the pore sizes from 25 to 65 nm using an aqueous HF:H2SO4 electrolyte. Results indicated the formation of Ta2O5‐based nanoporous surface layers, which had up to 28% more surface area and increased nanophase roughness (more than twofolds) compared to nonporous tantalum upon the anodization. It was observed that the nanoporous tantalum oxide surfaces promoted nearly 25% more fibroblast proliferation at 5 days in vitro and 15.5% more cellular spreading. Thus, nanoporous tantalum oxide surfaces can be used to increase biological interactions of the cells and provide a means of improving bioactivity of tantalum for biomaterial applications.
ISSN:1552-4973
1552-4981
DOI:10.1002/jbm.b.34604