Simple solvatochromic spectroscopic quantification of long-chain fatty acids for biological toxicity assay in biogas plants

Oily organic waste is a promising feedstock for anaerobic co-digestion. Free long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) produced from lipids can inhibit methanogenic consortia, so optimal control of LCFA concentration is the key to successful operation of co-digestion. Most LCFAs are present in the solid phase,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2020-05, Vol.27 (15), p.17596-17606
Main Authors: Kobayashi, Takuro, Kuramochi, Hidetoshi, Xu, Kai-Qin, Maeda, Kouji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorbance
Anaerobic digestion
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Betaine
Biogas
Consortia
Digestion
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental science
Fatty acids
Fish oils
Impurities
Lipids
Optimal control
Organic wastes
Phase equilibria
Pretreatment
Pyridinium
Resource Recovery from Wastewater
Solid phases
Solid Waste and Waste Gas: Engineering and Management Aspects
Solvent extraction
Spectrophotometry
Thermodynamic equilibrium
Toxicity
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:Oily organic waste is a promising feedstock for anaerobic co-digestion. Free long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) produced from lipids can inhibit methanogenic consortia, so optimal control of LCFA concentration is the key to successful operation of co-digestion. Most LCFAs are present in the solid phase, making them difficult to be detected and monitored. This study proposes a simple and easy method for detecting LCFAs in both the liquid and solid phases of anaerobic digestate by combining liquid–liquid extraction followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and spectrophotometric analysis. The extraction procedure successfully removed impurities that interfere with the absorbance spectrum and ensured high recovery rates of LCFAs. The utility of the pretreatment used for the extraction was discussed using thermodynamic analysis and calculations of phase equilibrium for the solvent extraction system. The absorbance spectrum shift of pyridinium N-phenolate betaine (PNPB) dye-stained solution showed a good correlation with LCFA concentration and enabled highly sensitive measurements. Good quantification was demonstrated in experiments using various digestate samples obtained from the laboratory, pilot, and full-scale reactors.
ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-019-06532-w