Finite element comparison of the effect of absorbers' design in the surrounding bone of dental implants

Despite the high success rate achieved in current dental implantation, there are still important problems to solve like incomplete early osteointegration, bone damage, and long‐term implant loosening. Highly compliant stress absorbers are a possible solution to these problems. Although several works...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering 2020-01, Vol.36 (1), p.e3270-n/a
Main Authors: Ashrafi, Mehran, Ghalichi, Farzan, Mirzakouchaki, Behnam, Arruga, Alberto, Doblare, Manuel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorbers
Biomedical materials
Bone (long)
bone damage
Bone density
Bone implants
Bone mass
Bone remodeling
Computer simulation
Damage accumulation
Damage prevention
Dental implants
Dental prosthetics
Design
Evolution
Finite element method
Impact analysis
Implantation
intraosseous resilient dental implant
Loosening
Mathematical models
Mechanical properties
mechanobiology
Osseointegration
Strain distribution
Stress
Stress concentration
Stress shielding
Surgical implants
Teeth
Transplants & implants
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Summary:Despite the high success rate achieved in current dental implantation, there are still important problems to solve like incomplete early osteointegration, bone damage, and long‐term implant loosening. Highly compliant stress absorbers are a possible solution to these problems. Although several works examined the stress‐strain distribution in bone without and with absorbers to show their favorable results, none of them analyzed their impact on long‐term remodeling. Here, we analyze this effect by comparing the evolution of stress and bone mass density without and with different designs of absorbers with those of the healthy tooth. Several finite element models with ABAQUS, corresponding to each design considered, were built to obtain the mechanical conditions in bone and implant. Then a mechanobiological bone remodeling model that considers damage accumulation and its repair during the remodeling process was used to compute the bone density redistribution. This approach allows assessing both the short‐term density loss and the relative micromovement between bone and implant. We analyze the stress distributions in both bone and implant as well as the relative micromovement of the implant. We also present the evolution of damage and bone volume fraction. These results show that the addition of absorbers can reduce the stress in the bone around the implant. The obtained results also show that using stress absorbers reduces damage in bone, while increasing the number of absorbers does not necessarily improves damage reduction. We conclude that using implants with a correct design of absorbers prevents damage and stress shielding, reducing implant loosening. The use of shock absorbers reduces damage in bone. The change in the absorber design in the abutment does not significantly affect damage distribution in bone. The new design of the INTRI system closely resembles the one of the natural tooth.
ISSN:2040-7939
2040-7947
DOI:10.1002/cnm.3270