Novel MRI-based score for assessment of bone density in operative spine patients

Good bone quality is key in avoiding a multitude of afflictions, including osteoporotic fragility fractures and poor outcomes after spine surgery. In patients undergoing instrumented spine fusion, bone quality often dictates screw pullout strength, insertional torque, and vertebral body loading prop...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The spine journal 2020-04, Vol.20 (4), p.556-562
Main Authors: Ehresman, Jeff, Pennington, Zach, Schilling, Andrew, Lubelski, Daniel, Ahmed, A. Karim, Cottrill, Ethan, Khan, Majid, Sciubba, Daniel M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bone density
Correlation
DEXA
MRI
Opportunistic
Osteoporosis
Vertebral
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Summary:Good bone quality is key in avoiding a multitude of afflictions, including osteoporotic fragility fractures and poor outcomes after spine surgery. In patients undergoing instrumented spine fusion, bone quality often dictates screw pullout strength, insertional torque, and vertebral body loading properties. While dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) screening is the current method of assessing bone mineral density, the majority of patients do not have DEXA measurements available before undergoing surgical instrumentation. To create a simple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based score to evaluate bone quality and evaluate the degree to which it correlates with conventional DEXA scores. Retrospective cohort. Patients ≥18 years of age undergoing spine surgery for degenerative conditions between 2013 and 2018. Correlation of the vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score with DEXA T-scores, and association between VBQ score and presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis. Using noncontrast T1-weighted MRIs of the lumbar spine, the novel VBQ score was calculated for each patient. DEXA T-scores of the femoral neck and total hip were obtained and were compared with patient VBQ scores using linear regression and Pearson's correlation. Among 68 patients included in this study, 37 were found to have osteopenia/osteoporosis (T-score < −1.0) based on DEXA. A greater VBQ score was significantly associated with the presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis with a predictive accuracy of 81%. VBQ scores correlated moderately with femoral neck T-scores, the lowest overall T-scores of each patient, and correlated fairly with total hip T-scores. This is the first study to correlate the novel VBQ score obtained from MRIs with DEXA T-score. We found this score to be a significant predictor of healthy versus osteopenic/osteoporotic bone with an accuracy of 81%, and found that VBQ score was moderately correlated with femoral neck and overall lowest T-score.
ISSN:1529-9430
1878-1632
DOI:10.1016/j.spinee.2019.10.018